Authoritarian Attitudes in the United States Army
In: Armed forces & society, Band 6, Heft 1, S. 122-131
ISSN: 1556-0848
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In: Armed forces & society, Band 6, Heft 1, S. 122-131
ISSN: 1556-0848
In: Armed forces & society: official journal of the Inter-University Seminar on Armed Forces and Society : an interdisciplinary journal, Band 6, S. 122-131
ISSN: 0095-327X
In: Armed forces & society: official journal of the Inter-University Seminar on Armed Forces and Society : an interdisciplinary journal, Band 6, Heft 1, S. 122-131
ISSN: 0095-327X
The degree of authoritarianism in the United States Army is assessed through secondary analysis of data from a questionnaire administered in 1973/1974 to 1,564 enlisted men. The relationship of authoritarianism to army experience is curvilinear: attitudes become less authoritarian with increases in length of experience up to three years, & then become more authoritarian with increasing length of service. This pattern persists with education controlled for, & with a volunteers-only sample. Careerists are considerably more authoritarian than first-term soldiers. 2 Tables. W. H. Stoddard.
In: Politics: Australasian Political Studies Association journal, Band 13, Heft 2, S. 331-333
In: Public opinion quarterly: journal of the American Association for Public Opinion Research, Band 42, S. 171-182
ISSN: 0033-362X
In: The public opinion quarterly: POQ, Band 42, Heft 2, S. 171
ISSN: 1537-5331
In: Public opinion quarterly: journal of the American Association for Public Opinion Research, Band 42, Heft 2, S. 171-182
ISSN: 0033-362X
During the early 1970s, the increase in willingness of Americans to vote for a woman for president was directly related to education, & contrasts with the inverse relationship between education & increases in willingness to vote for a black for president. The contrast indicates that on some issues, the relationship between education & "enlightened" opinions is variable, & characterizes mainly the middle stages of such issues' life histories. The strengthening relationship between education & "enlightened" opinion about women was interpreted as reflecting the attention of the better-educated strata to the mass media's increased coverage of women-related topics in the 1970s. Public opinion data on the willingness to elect a woman president were gathered from the American Instit of PO surveys for 1967, 1969, & 1971, & from the National Opinion Research Center surveys for 1972, 1974, & 1976. The Reader's Guide to Periodical Literature was used as an indication of mass media content; articles pertaining to women's rights & the Womens' Liberation Movement were catalogued for the years 1965 through 1976. It was found that growing media coverage of women's issues corresponded with greater public willingness to accept a woman as a presidential candidate. It is felt that acceptance of this issue is related not only to broad-mindedness & liberalism, but also to a growing awareness of changes in norms that have been legitimized by laws & court decisions. It is also expected that, over time, the education-relatedness of this issue will decrease as these legitimized attitudes "trickle down" to the less educated. 3 Tables. Modified Author Conclusions.
In: Politics: Australasian Political Studies Association journal, Band 10, Heft 2, S. 207-209
In: The public opinion quarterly: POQ, Band 39, Heft 4, S. 493
ISSN: 1537-5331
In: Public opinion quarterly: journal of the American Association for Public Opinion Research, Band 39, Heft 4, S. 493-506
ISSN: 0033-362X
With one exception, the reliabilities of ascribed social & background characteristics in the (Mich) Survey Research Center's American Panel Study of 1956-58-60 & the panel study of Political Change in Britain of 1963-64-66-70 were markedly higher than those for achieved characteristics. The variables considered (sex, race, age, occupation of father for both countries, state of birth, state where one grew up, size of place where one grew up, & education for the US) ranged in % reliable from 66-74% (occupation of father, education) to 98-99% (sex & race). Since relationships between variables are reduced by random error, unreliable measurement in survey data implies that the predictive power of achieved characteristics (eg, education) is reduced proportionately more than that of ascribed characteristics (eg, sex, race) & suggests a built-in tendency for policy-oriented research to find problems less malleable than actually may be the case. 5 Tables. AA.
In: Canadian Journal of Sociology / Cahiers canadiens de sociologie, Band 1, Heft 1, S. 61
In: The public opinion quarterly: POQ, Band 37, Heft 1, S. 91
ISSN: 1537-5331
In: Public opinion quarterly: journal of the American Association for Public Opinion Research, Band 37, Heft 1, S. 91-98
ISSN: 0033-362X
Survey Res Center election study data were examined in an attempt to assess the impact of Vietnam dove sentiment on voter turnout & on the outcome of the 1968 Amer presidential election. Although voter turnout outside the South did decline in 1968, the relationship of turnout to opinion on what to do in Vietnam was very slight, although consistent, whether the cross-section, the nonSouth, or nonSouth whites were considered. Similar results were obtained in 1964 for Vietnam & in 1952 for Korea. Among nonSouth white ages 21-30, decreased turnout was related to dovish opinion on Vietnam in 1968, but again, similar relationships appeared in 1964 & in 1952. Among white Democrats & Independents outside the South, H. Humphrey's vote % was lower among those who wanted to take a stronger stand in Vietnam than among those who wanted to pull out; this result suggests that had Humphrey tailored his appeal more to the hawks (rather than toward the doves), he would have improved his chances to win the election. AA.
In: The public opinion quarterly: POQ, Band 35, Heft 2, S. 157
ISSN: 1537-5331
In: Public opinion quarterly: journal of the American Association for Public Opinion Research, Band 35, Heft 2, S. 157-167
ISSN: 0033-362X
Party identification in presidential elections from 1952 to 1968 was examined using data from the Survey Res Center studies of the Amer electorate. Overall, there was a noticeable drift away from both parties toward independents over this period. When whites only were considered, the change was much more evident & was seen to be largely at the expense of the Democrats. Further analysis revealed that the Democratic decline & the Independent increase was mostly among white southerners, particularly those aged 21-30; a similar although much more modest shift was found among nonsouthern whites aged 21-30 & virtually no change at all among nonsouthern whites over 30. Among southern white independents in 1968, R. Nixon was preferred by a substantial margin, with G. Wallace second. Outside the South, both among whites over 30 & under 30, presidential preferences differed very little in comparison to the white cross-section as a whole. Examination of opinions on what to do in Vietnam showed white independents to be more hawkish than the white cross-section; on 2 civill rights questions, southern white independents were markedly less procivil rights while nonsouthern white independents were not much diff from the white cross-section. The conclusion is that the increase in Independents portends a brighter future for a Republican southern strategy than for a new left-oriented fourth nnrty in 1972 AA.