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This open access book offers a strategic perspective on AI and the process of embedding it in society. ​After decades of research, Artificial Intelligence (AI) is now entering society at large. Due to its general purpose character, AI will change society in multiple, fundamental and unpredictable ways. Therefore, the Netherlands Scientific Council for Government Policy (WRR) characterizes AI as a system technology: a rare type of technologies that have a systemic impact on society. Earlier system technologies include electricity, the combustion engine and the computer. The history of these technologies provides us with useful insights about what it takes to direct the introduction of AI in society. The WRR identifies five key tasks to structurally work on this process: demystification, contextualisation, engagement, regulation and positioning. By clarifying what AI is (demystification), creating a functional ecosystem (contextualisation), involving diverse stakeholders (engagement), developing directive frameworks (regulation) and engaging internationally (positioning), societies can meaningfully influence how AI settles. Collectively, these activities steer the process of co-development between technology and society, and each representing a different path to safeguard public values. Mission AI - The New System Technology was originally published as an advisory report for the government of the Netherlands. The strategic analysis and the outlined recommendations are, however, relevant to every government and organization that aims to take up 'misson AI' and embed this newest system technology in our world.

This open access book offers an analysis of why preparations for digital disruption should become a stated goal of security policy and policies that aim to safeguard the continuity of critical infrastructure. The increasing use of digital technology implies new and significant vulnerabilities for our society. However, it is striking that almost all cyber-security measures taken by governments, international bodies and other major players are aimed at preventing incidents. But there is no such thing as total digital security. Whether inside or outside the digital domain, incidents can and will occur and may lead to disruption. While a raft of provisions, crisis contingency plans and legal regulations are in place to deal with the possibility of incidents in the 'real world', no equivalence exists for the digital domain and digital disruption. Hence, this book uniquely discusses several specific policy measures government and businesses should take in order to be better prepared to deal with a digital disruption and prevent further escalation.

The complexion of labour migration in the European Union (EU) has altered in recent years. Not only has there been a shift in the length of time labour migrants spend abroad, but the nature, scale and direction of the migration flows have also changed dramatically. The enlargements of the EU in 2004 and 2007 were influential in this respect. A growing economy and large wage gaps encouraged a large stream of workers to leave the new Member States for the old. The EU's open internal borders made it easy for them to return home or to move on to another Member State. This publication considers what this means for the future of labour migration and how policy should address this issue.

"The complexion of labour migration in the European Union (EU) has altered in recent years. Not only has there been a shift in the length of time labour migrants spend abroad, but the nature, scale and direction of the migration flows have also changed dramatically. The enlargements of the EU in 2004 and 2007 were influential in this respect. A growing economy and large wage gaps encouraged a large stream of workers to leave the new Member States for the old. The EU's open internal borders made it easy for them to return home or to move on to another Member State. This publication considers what this means for the future of labour migration and how policy should address this issue."--Publisher's description

Economics; European Union - Europa is straks een krimpend continent. Hebben we daarom meer arbeidsmigranten nodig? En voegen zij zich als vanzelf in onze economie en samenleving? Of zijn de deuren al te ver opengezet? In betere banen gaat in de vraag hoe het arbeidsmigratiebeleid nu en in de toekomst vorm moet krijgen, in Nederland en de Europese Unie. Een aantal internationaal gerenommeerde wetenschappers analyseert de Europese arbeidsmigratie van vandaag en doordrenkt de uitdagingen voor morgen. Dit boek maakt duidelijk dat migratie een ander gezicht heeft gekregen. De meeste migranten die nu naar Nederland komen zij Europeanen, vaak uit Midden- en Oost-Europa. Sommigen blijven voorgoed anderen keren terug. Ook verwelkomt Nederland steeds meer hoger opgeleiden, regelmatig van buiten Europa. Door open grenzen is migratiebeleid vooral arbeidsmarktbeleid geworden.

Voor beter arbeidsmigratiebeleid is inzicht noodzakelijk in de toekomstige structuur van de arbeidsmarkt in een globaliserende economie. Alleen dan kan arbeidsmigratie beter worden afgewogen tegen andere alternatieven. Is investeren in scholing te verkiezen boven buitenlandse werknemers? Bovendien: willen er straks nog wel mensen naar Nederland komen? Bij een ander gezicht van migratie hoort tenslotte een ander integratiebeleid. Daarbij mag van overheid en werkgevers meer worden verwacht. En bovenal van Brussel.

Though the exact nature and delineation of Big Data is still unclear, it seems likely that Big Data will have an enormous impact on our daily lives. 'Exploring the Boundaries of Big Data' serves as preparatory work for The Netherlands Scientific Council for Government Policy's advice to the Dutch government, which has asked the Council to address questions regarding Big Data, security and privacy. It is divided into five parts, each part engaging with a different perspective on Big Data: the technical, empirical, legal, regulatory and international perspective