Kinderarbeit ist ein gesellschaftliches Tabu und soll durch Verbote schnellstmöglich abgeschafft werden. Dass es so leicht nicht ist, erklärte die 14-jährige Francis Estefania Zeas aus Nicaragua während einer Rundreise durch Deutschland. Sie möchte, dass die Stimme der Kinder angehört wird, statt ihre Arbeit pauschal zu verbieten. (Lat.am. Nachr./GIGA)
Am 16. Januar hat der Oberste Gerichtshof von Nicaragua den wegen Geldwäsche und Korruption zu 20 Jahren Haft verurteilten Ex-Präsidenten Arnoldo Alemán endgültig freigesprochen. Alemán, der seine Haft kaum abgesessen hat und bereits seit langem nur noch unter "Landesarrest" stand, erhält damit all seine politischen Rechte zurück. Zeitgleich kam es im Parlament, das seit den massiven Unruhen und Betrugsvorwürfen nach den Kommunalwahlen vergangenen November monatelang handlungsunfähig war, zu einer Einigung über den Parlamentsvorsitz. Die regierende sandinistische Befreiungsfront (FSLN) von Präsident Daniel Ortega erhält den Vorsitz zurück, was nur durch die Stimmen der Abgeordneten der liberalen Partei Arnoldo Alemáns (PLC) möglich war. (Lat.am Nachr/GIGA)
Abstract: During the COVID-19 pandemic, a wide ideological gap frustrated an effective response to the health crisis. Whereas most liberals supported protective measures, many conservatives opposed them. Five studies ( Ntotal = 3,090) demonstrate that American and German conservatives' opposition to COVID-19 measures arose partially from nostalgic emotions. We show that framing COVID-19 measures as a return to the past reduces conservatives' opposition to face masks and vaccinations. An internal meta-analysis shows that although the overall effect of temporal framing is significant, it is small. This research identifies conservatives' focus on the past as a theoretically relevant antecedent to their opposition to COVID-19 measures and introduces temporal framing as a small but practically feasible strategy to reduce such opposition.
AbstractA short‐term obstacle to united political action to fight climate change in various countries is opposition to pro‐environmental policies among conservatives. Three preregistered studies test the hypothesis that because conservatives have a higher need for closure than liberals (Hypothesis 1), framing pro‐environmental policies in a way that appeals to the need for closure, reduces conservatives' opposition to these policies (Hypothesis 2). Study 1 confirms Hypothesis 1. Next, two studies test Hypothesis 2 and find that conservatives are less opposed to pro‐environmental policies proposed by a politician (Study 2) or an NGO (Study 3) if these policies are framed in a way that appeals to the need for closure, while the opposite is the case for liberals. Across these two studies, we also test the underlying process but find no evidence for the idea that differences in need for closure mediate the effect (Hypothesis 3a). Instead, the effect is primarily driven by inferences about group membership and ingroup bias (Hypothesis 3b, non‐preregistered). That is, these data suggest that framing policies to appeal to closure needs reduces conservatives' opposition because they infer that the policy is proposed by a fellow conservative.
Abstract. An often-heard claim is that women will inevitably take over men's dominant position in management due to superior female leadership skills. Lammers and Gast (2017) found that such claims paradoxically maintain gender inequality by undermining support for affirmative action. The original article was limited by comparing a single experimental and control text and exclusive reliance on American samples. We report a replication and extension among a German community sample ( N = 300), which tests the effects of five different experimental stimuli, primarily drawn from different German media outlets, against a control stimulus. The data replicate earlier effects and confirm that the media should be careful not to exaggerate claims about female leadership strengths.
Schulte, Anna: "Nein zur Diktatur". Oppositionsparteien und soziale Bewegungen protestieren gegen Einschränkung demokratischer Rechte. - S. 6-7. Baltodano, Mónica: "Wir werden zum Straßenkampf übergehen". Ein Gespräch mit der sandinistischen Ex-Kommandantin Mónica Baltodano. - S. 8-10
In order to assess the advantages and risks of emerging technologies an intensive dialogue between scientists and the individual users of these technologies is crucial - especially in a security and military environment. A particular challenge during this exchange is the encounter of specific scientific and military terminologies, which sometimes hamper the communication and hence make it difficult to reach decisions for the future. This contribution presents a methodological approach that brings scientific expertise and the military or security customers´ competence together. The aim of this approach is twofold, namely to derive hot topics in future technologies as well as new technological perspectives and recommendations in a military or security context.
