Weiße und Nicht-Weiße werden in den visuellen Medien unterschiedlich dargestellt. Unterschiede werden erzeugt durch Narrativik und Technik, insbesondere durch die in Hollywood entwickelte Lichtregie am Set. Weiße stellen üblicherweise die Norm dar. Die US-amerikanische Sitcom SEX AND THE CITY mit ihrem ausschließlich weißen Cast ist ein Beispiel für die Normierung von Whiteness. In der Episode "No Ifs, Ands or Buts" wird die normalerweise unsichtbare Whiteness dem Publikum durch den Auftritt von Afroamerikanern bewusst gemacht. Weiß wird schwarz sowohl ästhetisch, durch die Beleuchtungsdramaturgie, als auch narrativ, durch die Diskussionen über Rassismus, gegenüber gestellt. ; In the visual media, whites and non-whites are portrayed in different ways: By using the type of movie lighting which originated in Hollywood, or the narrative of a story, differences between whites and non-whites are created. Whites are usually standard. The American sitcom SEX AND THE CITY with its all-white cast sets an example for the standardization of whiteness. In its episode "No Ifs, Ands, Or Buts", the audience is made aware of the usually unnoticed norm of whiteness when African Americans enter the scene. Whiteness and blackness are set in contrast with each other not only aesthetically through the use of lighting but also narratively through discussions on racism.
rezensiertes Werk: Nolte, Georg ; Schreiber , Hans-Ludwig (Hrsg.): Der Mensch und seine Rechte, Grundlagen und Brennpunkte der Menschenrechte zu Beginn des 21. Jahrhunderts. Göttingen : Wallstein Verl., 2004. - 208 S. ISBN 3-89244-757-8
Dieser Beitrag beleuchtet die Schwierigkeiten und Herausforderungen, mit denen junge Menschen mit psychiatrischen Erkrankungen im Übergang zwischen den Hilfe- und Versorgungssystemen für Jugendliche und Erwachsene konfrontiert sind. Diese Lebensphase der Transition ist gekennzeichnet von schlecht strukturierten und wenig ausgereiften Hilfsangeboten und damit einhergehenden negativen Auswirkungen auf den Krankheitsverlauf bis hin zu Behandlungsabbrüchen sowie auf die gesellschaftliche Integration und die Teilhabechancen der Betroffenen. Im Anschluss an die Darstellung verschiedener Problembereiche im Übergang zwischen den Systemen sollen Ansätze einer konstruktiven Veränderung beleuchtet werden.
Das vorliegende Manual dient als Leitfaden für die Durchführung eines ressourcen-orientierten Gruppenangebots für Kinder von psychisch kranken und/oder suchtkranken Eltern. Es wendet sich an professionelle Helfer, also Mitarbeiter in psychologischen Beratungsstellen bzw. Erziehungsberatungsstellen, kinder- und jugendpsychiatrischen Ambulanzen bzw. Einrichtungen der Suchthilfe oder Selbsthilfeeinrichtungen. Die einzelnen Module können ebenso im Rahmen der Jugendhilfe oder als Grundlage in der therapeutischen Angehörigenarbeit in psychiatrischen und psychosomatischen Fach- oder Rehabilitationskliniken eingesetzt werden. Neben wertvollen Hintergrundinformationen und Literaturhinweisen enthalten die einzelnen Module – schwerpunktmäßig und getrennt für Kinder- und Jugendlichengruppen – Schritt-für-Schritt-Anleitungen zur altersgerechten Vermittlung spezifischer Inhalte zu psychischen und Suchterkrankungen, eine Formulierung der mit den einzelnen Gruppenstunden verbundenen Ziele sowie Hausaufgaben für die Kinder zur weiteren Bearbeitung einer für sie lebensbestimmenden Thematik. Ein weiteres ausführliches Kapitel ist der Elternarbeit gewidmet. In dem vorliegenden Buch finden sich in handlungsorientierter Weise nicht nur konkrete Handlungsvogaben, ansprechende Materialien und wichtige Links, sondern auch erfahrungsgeleitete Anregungen und Tipps im Hinblick auf eine gelingende professionelle Netzwerkarbeit, sowie angemessene Gesprächsführung, einen sensiblen Umgang mit den betroffenen Familien, die Durchführung von Elternabenden, jedoch auch eine Auflistung möglicher "Stolpersteine" in der Arbeit mit einer besonderen Zielgruppe.Â.
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Purpose Young people transitioning from child to adult mental health services are frequently also known to social services, but the role of such services in this study and their interplay with mental healthcare system lacks evidence in the European panorama. This study aims to gather information on the characteristics and the involvement of social services supporting young people approaching transition.
Design/methodology/approach A survey of 16 European Union countries was conducted. Country respondents, representing social services' point of view, completed an ad hoc questionnaire. Information sought included details on social service availability and the characteristics of their interplay with mental health services.
Findings Service availability ranges from a low of 3/100,000 social workers working with young people of transition age in Spain to a high 500/100,000 social workers in Poland, with heterogeneous involvement in youth health care. Community-based residential facilities and services for youth under custodial measures were the most commonly type of social service involved. In 80% of the surveyed countries, youth protection from abuse/neglect is overall regulated by national protocols or written agreements between mental health and social services, with the exception of Czech Republic and Greece, where poor or no protocols apply. Lack of connection between child and adult mental health services has been identified as the major obstacles to transition (93.8%), together with insufficient involvement of stakeholders throughout the process.
Research limitations/implications Marked heterogeneity across countries may suggest weaknesses in youth mental health policy-making at the European level. Greater inclusion of relevant stakeholders is needed to inform the development and implementation of person-centered health-care models. Disconnection between child and adult mental health services is widely recognized in the social services arena as the major barrier faced by young service users in transition; this "outside" perspective provides further support for an urgent re-configuration of services and the need to address unaligned working practices and service cultures.
Originality/value This is the first survey gathering information on social service provision at the time of mental health services transition at a European level; its findings may help to inform services to offer a better coordinated social health care for young people with mental health disorders.
International audience ; Objective Young people moving from child and adolescent mental health services (CAMHS) to adult mental health services (AMHS) are faced with significant challenges. To improve this state of affairs, there needs to be a recognition of the problem and initiatives and an urgent requirement for appropriate tools for measuring readiness and outcomes at the transfer boundary (16–18 years of age in Europe). The objective of this study was to develop and validate the Transition Readiness and Appropriateness Measure (TRAM) for assessing a young person's readiness for transition, and their outcomes at the transfer boundary. Design MILESTONE prospective study. Setting Eight European Union (EU) countries participating in the EU-funded MILESTONE study. Participants The first phase (MILESTONE validation study) involved 100 adolescents (pre-transition), young adults (post-transition), parents/carers and both CAMHS and AMHS clinicians. The second phase (MILESTONE cohort study and nested cluster randomised trial) involved over 1000 young people. Results The development of the TRAM began with a literature review on transitioning and a review of important items regarding transition by a panel of 34 mental health experts. A list of 64 items of potential importance were identified, which together comprised the TRAM. The psychometric properties of the different versions of the TRAM were evaluated and showed that the TRAM had good reliability for all versions and low-to-moderate correlations when compared with other established instruments and a well-defined factor structure. The main results of the cohort study with the nested cluster randomised trial are not reported. Conclusion The TRAM is a reliable instrument for assessing transition readiness and appropriateness. It highlighted the barriers to a successful transition and informed clinicians, identifying areas which clinicians on both sides of the transfer boundary can work on to ease the transition for the young person. Trial registration number ...
International audience ; Objective Young people moving from child and adolescent mental health services (CAMHS) to adult mental health services (AMHS) are faced with significant challenges. To improve this state of affairs, there needs to be a recognition of the problem and initiatives and an urgent requirement for appropriate tools for measuring readiness and outcomes at the transfer boundary (16–18 years of age in Europe). The objective of this study was to develop and validate the Transition Readiness and Appropriateness Measure (TRAM) for assessing a young person's readiness for transition, and their outcomes at the transfer boundary. Design MILESTONE prospective study. Setting Eight European Union (EU) countries participating in the EU-funded MILESTONE study. Participants The first phase (MILESTONE validation study) involved 100 adolescents (pre-transition), young adults (post-transition), parents/carers and both CAMHS and AMHS clinicians. The second phase (MILESTONE cohort study and nested cluster randomised trial) involved over 1000 young people. Results The development of the TRAM began with a literature review on transitioning and a review of important items regarding transition by a panel of 34 mental health experts. A list of 64 items of potential importance were identified, which together comprised the TRAM. The psychometric properties of the different versions of the TRAM were evaluated and showed that the TRAM had good reliability for all versions and low-to-moderate correlations when compared with other established instruments and a well-defined factor structure. The main results of the cohort study with the nested cluster randomised trial are not reported. Conclusion The TRAM is a reliable instrument for assessing transition readiness and appropriateness. It highlighted the barriers to a successful transition and informed clinicians, identifying areas which clinicians on both sides of the transfer boundary can work on to ease the transition for the young person. Trial registration number ...
