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Abstract: This essay examines border migration policies in the context of mainstream political debates in the United States around irregular (undocumented) migration. The debates are taking place amidst a presidential campaign in which border migration is a key and highly contentious issue and has also been the subject of strong and partisan disagreement within the U.S. Congress. The essay reviews U.S. law and recent policies around border migration, highlights practices of other governments toward irregular migrants, and assesses evolving norms and laws. The essay makes clear that there is no singular immediate or transformative solution to this complex issue, which involves social and economic policy, law enforcement, and humanitarianism, all affected by national politics. Nevertheless, progress is still possible. In seeking to achieve substantial objectives around protection and migration management that are politically feasible, the author makes recommendations for political leadership, education and advocacy, regional cooperation in the Americas, expanded opportunities for migrants under U.S. law, and increased resources for management and enforcement.

Foreword --Introduction --Class Arbitration In the United States: Life After Death? --Class Arbitration in the United States --Mass and Class Claims in Arbitration --Collective Arbitration in Europe --Collective Redress and Class Arbitration in the EU --Collective Arbitration: The European experience --Collective Consumer Arbitration in Spain --Mass Arbitrations in International Investment Cases --Mass Claims in Investment Arbitration --Representative Aspects of "Mass Claim" Proceedings in Investor-State Arbitration --Incentives for Large-Scale Arbitration --Will Canada Be the Next Frontier in Class Arbitration? --The Future of Class, Collective and Mass Arbitrations in Europe --Concluding Remarks --About the Authors.