Benefit incidence analysis in developing countries
In: Policy research working papers 1015
In: Public economics
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In: Policy research working papers 1015
In: Public economics
In: The journal of human resources, Band 44, Heft 1, S. 115-139
ISSN: 1548-8004
In: Journal of development economics, Band 44, Heft 2, S. 453-457
ISSN: 0304-3878
In: Medical care research and review, Band 67, Heft 2, S. 194-212
ISSN: 1552-6801
A growing literature finds that a significant fraction of American families experience high or "catastrophic" burdens of medical spending. Families facing mental health problems may be especially vulnerable to high burdens. This study uses data from the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey to determine the annual and within-year concentration of medical spending and the extent to which mental health treatment contributes to high out-of-pocket burdens among families with and without mental health problems. On average, families incurred 44% of non—mental health and 37% of out-of-pocket mental health treatment expenditures in a single month. Families with one or more members experiencing mental health problems were more likely to have periods of high out-of-pocket spending burdens. However, this study found that mental health treatment itself contributes little to high out-of-pocket spending burdens. Most of the burden was due to other medical conditions and lower average incomes among families with mental health problems.
In: Medical care research and review, Band 58, Heft 4, S. 482-495
ISSN: 1552-6801
The authors examine the relationship between the Medicaid eligibility expansions for children and state Medicaid spending during the period from 1984 to 1994. They find that the Medicaid expansions had relatively low incremental cost per enrollee—substantially below the average Medicaid expenditure for children. Expansion children tend to be older and have fewer disabilities. Moreover, many of the most expensive expansion children would have been covered by Medicaid-medically-needy provisions had the expansions not occurred. The authors examine the implications of our findings for intensified Medicaid outreach efforts and for the State Children's Health Insurance Program.
In: The journal of environment & development: a review of international policy, Band 10, Heft 1, S. 35-49
ISSN: 1552-5465
This article explores the appropriate specification of cross-country econometric analyses of international trade and pollution using data on carbon emissions across 132 countries from 1950 to 1992. A number of prominent studies implicitly rule out pollution shifting across countries by not interacting trade measures with income. Using a more flexible functional form, it is shown in this article that increased trade intensity raises carbon emissions in lower income countries and lowers carbon emissions in upper income countries.
In: Environment and development economics, Band 6, Heft 1, S. 63-83
ISSN: 1469-4395
This paper estimates the historic relationship between carbon emissions and GDP using data across countries and across time. We combine this relationship with plausible projections for GDP and population growth to construct a model that offers insights into the likely path of global emissions in the next century. In addition, we experiment with a method for incorporating oil prices into the model. Our analysis provides independent confirmation of the business-as-usual forecasts generated by the larger structural models.
In: Society and natural resources, Band 7, Heft 2, S. 169-180
ISSN: 1521-0723
In: NBER Working Paper No. w4248
SSRN
In: NBER Working Paper No. w23150
SSRN
In: National Bureau of Economic Research Studies in Income and Wealth 76
Health care costs represent a nearly 18% of U.S. gross domestic product and 20% of government spending. While there is detailed information on where these health care dollars are spent, there is much less evidence on how this spending affects health. The research in Measuring and Modeling Health Care Costs seeks to connect our knowledge of expenditures with what we are able to measure of results, probing questions of methodology, changes in the pharmaceutical industry, and the shifting landscape of physician practice. The research in this volume investigates, for example, obesity's effect on health care spending, the effect of generic pharmaceutical releases on the market, and the disparity between disease-based and population-based spending measures. This vast and varied volume applies a range of economic tools to the analysis of health care and health outcomes. Practical and descriptive, this new volume in the Studies in Income and Wealth series is full of insights relevant to health policy students and specialists alike