Suchergebnisse

IN A DEMONSTRATION OF THE NEED FOR INCREASED ATTENTION TO POLICY EVALUATION IN LESS DEVELOPED COUNTRIES, THE FINDINGS OF A RESEARCH PROJECT CONDUCTED IN COSTA RICA ARE PRESENTED. FOCUSING ON LAND REFORM AND FAMILY PLANNING POLICIES, IT IS SHOWN HOW THE IMPACT OF ONE POLICY IS COUTERPRODUCTIVE TO THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE OTHER.

Cover -- Half Title -- Title -- Copyright -- Dedication -- Contents -- Preface -- PART 1 DEFINING THE GAP BETWEEN RICH AND POOR -- 1 The Dual Gaps: An Overview of Theory and Research -- 2 The Gap Between Rich and Poor Countries -- 3 Income Inequality: Some Dimensions of the Problem -- PART 2 CONTENDING EXPLANATIONS OF THE GAPS -- 4 Economic Growth and Income Inequality -- 5 Cultures and Growth -- 6 The Achievement Motive in Economic Growth -- 7 Becoming Modem -- 8 The Confucian Ethic and Economic Growth -- 9 On the Sociology of National Development: Theories and Issues -- 10 Urban Bias and Inequality -- 11 The Structure of Dependence -- 12 Modernization and Dependency: Alternative Perspectives in the Study of Latin American Underdevelopment -- 13 The Present State of the Debate on World Inequality -- 14 Reiterating the Identity of the Peripheral State -- PART 3 EMPIRICAL STUDIES: EVIDENCE MEETS THEORY -- 15 Economic Development and the Distribution of Income -- 16 The World-Economy and the Distribution of Income Within States: A Cross-National Study -- 17 Cross-National Evidence of the Effects of Foreign Investment and Aid on Economic Growth and Inequality: A Survey of Findings and a Reanalysis -- 18 Dependence on Foreign Investment and Economic Growth in the Third World -- 19 Some Recent Explanations of Income Inequality -- 20 Financial Dependence in the Capitalist World Economy and the Distribution of Income Within Nations -- 21 Some Questions on the Validity of Income Distribution Data -- 22 Assessing Progress Toward Greater Equality of Income Distribution -- 23 The Vicious Circle of Poverty -- 24 Is There a Tradeoff Between Growth and Basic Needs? -- PART 4 CASE STUDIES AND CONCLUSIONS -- 25 "Trickle-up" Income Redistribution and Development in Central America During the 1960s and 1970s.

Social scientists are well aware of the unintended consequences of public policies. The
protection of human subjects regulations, which emerged in response to a serious problem in
the medical community, provides an ideal example of such unintended consequences; to
paraphrase an old aphorism, "the road to bureaucratic hell is paved with well-intentioned
public policies." In this essay I will seek to make three points. First, the protection of
human subjects by federal regulation was long overdue. Second, this benefit to society has,
in its application, ignored another widely accepted regulatory principle, namely that the
costs of regulation should not outweigh its benefits; a combination of "bureaucratic creep"
and litigation phobia has resulted in intrusive and counterproductive regulation of social
science research, such that the cure has become worse than the disease. Third, ironically,
because of institutional review boards' definition of what is and what is not research, the
protection of human subjects is denied to subjects who actually could be at risk.