Suchergebnisse

La educación y el entorno vivido en la infancia favorecen o dificultan el desarrollo de un pensamiento creativo. Las diversas experiencias creativas que acontecen en la infancia y el contexto en el que se desarrollan son claves en la elección de una profesión y/o un itinerario formativo en la edad adulta. Este es el caso de diferentes profesionales cuya decisión de escoger un oficio u otro, estuvo marcada durante su periodo educativo. Hemos realizado ocho historias de vida a trabajadores creativos de la región de Aragón (España), considerando como empleos creativos el listado realizado por Florida (2002). Algunas de las conclusiones son la importancia del desarrollo de un pensamiento crítico y creativo en las aulas y su conexión con la familia, amigos, instituciones, etc. El entorno es un aspecto clave para entender el desarrollo creativo de estos profesionales.

This paper examines the vital contribution of neighbourhoods to the flourishing of individuals and families. Our analysis complements that of some other essays in this volume, which consider the contribution of the life of the family to a flourishing and functional social order. The central hypothesis to be explored is that (a) the neighbourhood plays a critical role, not easily replaced by other types of community such as cities and nations, in supporting the full development of individuals and families and integrating them into a multi-family community; and (b) the socializing function of neighbourhoods may be greatly enhanced by deliberate human interventions at the level of urban design, institutional design, social policy, and individual action (including several measures to be considered in this paper). The paper is a philosophical reflection on our shared experiences of neighbourhoods and family life, rather than an empirical study of a specific neighbourhood or set of neighbourhoods. Drawing on public knowledge and common experiences, we set out to explore the critical role of the neighbourhood as a structure that supports the full development of individuals and families, and integrates them into the life of a larger community.

Developing a coherent sense of self and establishing a long-term relationship are two developmental tasks during emerging adulthood. Guided by psychosocial developmental theory, this study explores the associations between relational identity processes (commitment, in-depth exploration, reconsideration of commitments) and relationship outcomes (satisfaction and stability) using a large sample of Spanish emerging adults in a romantic relationship. Results revealed that commitment as part of relational identity is associated with higher relationship satisfaction and stability, while reconsideration of commitments is associated with lower relationship satisfaction and stability. Gender acted as a moderator between in-depth exploration and relationship outcomes, with males reporting more positive associations compared to females. This study expands identity theory by demonstrating how relational identity is crucial when understanding relationship outcomes in emerging adulthood.

It has been reported that significant variability in the ethics review process affects multisite studies. We analyzed 1,305 applications for multicenter studies (409 unique protocols), from 1st January 2020 to 20th September 2021. We examined the variability in the times to approval and the first observation and the variation in the level of risk assigned. The median [IQR] variabilities were 42.19 [15.23–82.36] days and 8.00 [3.12–16.68] days, for the times to approval and to the first observation, respectively. There was disagreement in the level of risk assigned by the Research Ethics Committee (REC) in 24.0% of cases. Independent predictors of variability included the number of REC members. In our study, we found substantial variability in the ethics review process among health research protocols. Also, we describe methods to readily measure the delays and the variations in the ethics review process.

IntroductionExpert knowledge is critical to fight dementia in inequitable regions like Latin American and Caribbean countries (LACs). However, the opinions of aging experts on public policies' accessibility and transmission, stigma, diagnostic manuals, data-sharing platforms, and use of behavioral insights (BIs) are not well known.MethodsWe investigated opinions among health professionals working on aging in LACs (N=3365) with regression models including expertise-related information (public policies, BI), individual differences (work, age, academic degree), and location.ResultsExperts specified low public policy knowledge (X2 =41.27, P<.001), high levels of stigma (X2 =2636.37, P<.001), almost absent BI knowledge (X2 =56.58, P<.001), and needs for regional diagnostic manuals (X2 =2893.63, df=3, P<.001) and data-sharing platforms (X2=1267.5, df=3, P<.001). Lack of dementia knowledge was modulated by different factors. An implemented BI-based treatment for a proposed prevention program improved perception across experts.DiscussionOur findings help to prioritize future potential actions of governmental agencies and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) to improve LACs' dementia knowledge.

INTRODUCTION: Expert knowledge is critical to fight dementia in inequitable regions like Latin American and Caribbean countries (LACs). However, the opinions of aging experts on public policies' accessibility and transmission, stigma, diagnostic manuals, data‐sharing platforms, and use of behavioral insights (BIs) are not well known. METHODS: We investigated opinions among health professionals working on aging in LACs (N = 3365) with regression models including expertise‐related information (public policies, BI), individual differences (work, age, academic degree), and location. RESULTS: Experts specified low public policy knowledge (X(2) = 41.27, P < .001), high levels of stigma (X(2) = 2636.37, P < .001), almost absent BI knowledge (X(2) = 56.58, P < .001), and needs for regional diagnostic manuals (X(2) = 2893.63, df = 3, P < .001) and data‐sharing platforms (X(2) = 1267.5, df = 3, P < .001). Lack of dementia knowledge was modulated by different factors. An implemented BI‐based treatment for a proposed prevention program improved perception across experts. DISCUSSION: Our findings help to prioritize future potential actions of governmental agencies and non‐governmental organizations (NGOs) to improve LACs' dementia knowledge.

IntroductionExpert knowledge is critical to fight dementia in inequitable regions like Latin American and Caribbean countries (LACs). However, the opinions of aging experts on public policies' accessibility and transmission, stigma, diagnostic manuals, data-sharing platforms, and use of behavioral insights (BIs) are not well known.MethodsWe investigated opinions among health professionals working on aging in LACs (N=3365) with regression models including expertise-related information (public policies, BI), individual differences (work, age, academic degree), and location.ResultsExperts specified low public policy knowledge (X2 =41.27, P<.001), high levels of stigma (X2 =2636.37, P<.001), almost absent BI knowledge (X2 =56.58, P<.001), and needs for regional diagnostic manuals (X2 =2893.63, df=3, P<.001) and data-sharing platforms (X2=1267.5, df=3, P<.001). Lack of dementia knowledge was modulated by different factors. An implemented BI-based treatment for a proposed prevention program improved perception across experts.DiscussionOur findings help to prioritize future potential actions of governmental agencies and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) to improve LACs' dementia knowledge.

The SARS-CoV-2 global pandemic will disproportionately impact countries with weak economies and vulnerable populations including people with dementia. Latin American and Caribbean countries (LACs) are burdened with unstable economic development, fragile health systems, massive economic disparities, and a high prevalence of dementia. Here, we underscore the selective impact of SARS-CoV-2 on dementia among LACs, the specific strain on health systems devoted to dementia, and the subsequent effect of increasing inequalities among those with dementia in the region. Implementation of best practices for mitigation and containment faces particularly steep challenges in LACs. Based upon our consideration of these issues, we urgently call for a coordinated action plan, including the development of inexpensive mass testing and multilevel regional coordination for dementia care and related actions. Brain health diplomacy should lead to a shared and escalated response across the region, coordinating leadership, and triangulation between governments and international multilateral networks.

The SARS-CoV-2 global pandemic will disproportionately impact countries with weak economies and vulnerable populations including people with dementia. Latin American and Caribbean countries (LACs) are burdened with unstable economic development, fragile health systems, massive economic disparities, and a high prevalence of dementia. Here, we underscore the selective impact of SARS-CoV-2 on dementia among LACs, the specific strain on health systems devoted to dementia, and the subsequent effect of increasing inequalities among those with dementia in the region. Implementation of best practices for mitigation and containment faces particularly steep challenges in LACs. Based upon our consideration of these issues, we urgently call for a coordinated action plan, including the development of inexpensive mass testing and multilevel regional coordination for dementia care and related actions. Brain health diplomacy should lead to a shared and escalated response across the region, coordinating leadership, and triangulation between governments and international multilateral networks.

The SARS‐CoV‐2 global pandemic will disproportionately impact countries with weak economies and vulnerable populations including people with dementia. Latin American and Caribbean countries (LACs) are burdened with unstable economic development, fragile health systems, massive economic disparities, and a high prevalence of dementia. Here, we underscore the selective impact of SARS‐CoV‐2 on dementia among LACs, the specific strain on health systems devoted to dementia, and the subsequent effect of increasing inequalities among those with dementia in the region. Implementation of best practices for mitigation and containment faces particularly steep challenges in LACs. Based upon our consideration of these issues, we urgently call for a coordinated action plan, including the development of inexpensive mass testing and multilevel regional coordination for dementia care and related actions. Brain health diplomacy should lead to a shared and escalated response across the region, coordinating leadership, and triangulation between governments and international multilateral networks.

The SARS-CoV-2 global pandemic will disproportionately impact countries with weak economies and vulnerable populations including people with dementia. Latin American and Caribbean countries (LACs) are burdened with unstable economic development, fragile health systems, massive economic disparities, and a high prevalence of dementia. Here, we underscore the selective impact of SARS-CoV-2 on dementia among LACs, the specific strain on health systems devoted to dementia, and the subsequent effect of increasing inequalities among those with dementia in the region. Implementation of best practices for mitigation and containment faces particularly steep challenges in LACs. Based upon our consideration of these issues, we urgently call for a coordinated action plan, including the development of inexpensive mass testing and multilevel regional coordination for dementia care and related actions. Brain health diplomacy should lead to a shared and escalated response across the region, coordinating leadership, and triangulation between governments and international multilateral networks.

Across Latin American and Caribbean countries (LACs), the fight against dementia faces pressing challenges, such as heterogeneity, diversity, political instability, and socioeconomic disparities. These can be addressed more effectively in a collaborative setting that fosters open exchange of knowledge. In this work, the Latin American and Caribbean Consortium on Dementia (LAC-CD) proposes an agenda for integration to deliver a Knowledge to Action Framework (KtAF). First, we summarize evidence-based strategies (epidemiology, genetics, biomarkers, clinical trials, nonpharmacological interventions, networking, and translational research) and align them to current global strategies to translate regional knowledge into transformative actions. Then we characterize key sources of complexity (genetic isolates, admixture in populations, environmental factors, and barriers to effective interventions), map them to the above challenges, and provide the basic mosaics of knowledge toward a KtAF. Finally, we describe strategies supporting the knowledge creation stage that underpins the translational impact of KtAF.