Suchergebnisse

Este trabajo aborda el proceso de morir y la muerte como un hecho social de primer orden. Sobre dicho proceso y lo que sería una buena muerte existe un ideal socialmente compartido que, en la actualidad, se está en condiciones de alcanzar y del que, sin embargo, la realidad política y jurídica se aleja. En este contexto nos planteamos como objetivos, en primer lugar, medir el apoyo que tienen dos prácticas, como son la eutanasia y el suicidio médico asistido (SMA). En segundo lugar, contrastar si hay diferencias significativas en las opiniones y actitudes de los españoles respecto a su regulación y cuáles son las características sociodemográficas y contextuales que pudieran ayudarnos a explicarlas y, por último, interpretar y discutir los resultados desde una perspectiva sociológica que bebe del republicanismo cívico y la bioética.

Objective: To compare the attitudes of Spanish citizens with existing legal models on euthanasia and assisted suicide to identify which of them the citizens could agree with. Methods: Data collected by the Social Research Centre in Study 2,803 "care for patients who are terminally ill" in 2009 were analysed. Descriptive analysis and comparisons with McNemar test were carried out. Results: Spanish populationclearly supports the practice of euthanasia for the terminally ill. Agreement is lower in the case of physician assisted suicide and degenerative diseases. Conclusions: The Belgian model matches the approach favoured by Spanish public opinion closest. This represents a starting point for the social, political and legal debate needed to regulate individuals' rights at the end of life. ; Introducción: Comparar las actitudes de los ciudadanos españoles con los modelos legales existentes sobre eutanasia y suicidio asistido para identificar con cuál de ellos la ciudadanía podría estar más de acuerdo. Metodología: Se analizaron los datos recogidos por el Centro de Investigaciones Sociológicas en el Estudio 2.803 "Atención para pacientes con enfermedad terminal". Realizamos análisis descriptivos y comparaciones mediante la prueba de McNemar. Resultados: La población española apoya claramente la práctica de eutanasia en enfermos terminales. El suicidio médico asistido y los casos de enfermedad degenerativa hacen disminuir el grado de aceptación. Conclusiones: El modelo belga es el que mejor se ajusta a las opiniones de la ciudadanía española. Se considera un punto de partida, para conducir el debate social, político y jurídico, necesario para lograr una regulación de los derechos que asisten a los ciudadanos al final de la vida.

Peer reviewed ; Updated version (Dec. 2004) The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between satisfaction with waiting times in a Public Primary Health Care Service and a host of individual variables as well as market determinants. Since waiting time is imposing an opportunity cost on individuals, we model how agents derive different levels of utility and thus report degrees of satisfaction accounting for differences on opportunity cost components. The empirical research draws upon data from the 2002 Survey for Improving Patient Satisfaction with the Health Care Service in Andalucía. Ordered probit models are used to estimate different indirect utility functions specifications for the whole sample, as well as for men and women sub-samples and different age categories. Results suggest that there is evidence to support the existence of different behavior within both sex and age groups and that provided healthcare characteristics also shape utility and satisfaction. Funding from the Department of Health of the Andalucian Regional Government to undertake the 'Survey for Improving Patient Satisfaction with the Health Care Service in Andalucía' is acknowledged.

Background. User´s satisfaction is an important tool to evaluate the performance of healthcare services. Measures of satisfaction are important tools for research, administration and planning.-- Objectives. (i) Study patient satisfaction as a multidimensional concept including organizational issues, professional competence, human characteristics, and status of facilities as dimensions determining the relation between patients and healthcare providers; and (ii) Investigate the contribution of each dimension to overall patient satisfaction, their determinants so as to examine individual and market characteristics which affect overall patient satisfaction, and their mechanisms of operation.-- Design. Our dataset is based on results from a survey undertaken in health centres to patients visiting their physician. We use information on: (i) Individual variables -demographic, socioeconomic and psychological-; (ii) Market variables –scheduling, centre type, habitat-. The four dimensions included are: organizational issues, professional competence, human characteristics and status of facilities.-- Main Measures. Patient overall satisfaction is measured as recommendation of the service (dichotomous variable which allows focus on patient's discontent). Satisfaction defined over the four dimensions are measured as ordinal variables (5-point Likert's scale).-- Results. Although individual and market characteristics affect satisfaction with each dimension and overall satisfaction, they operate differently. The characteristics of the provided service determine dramatically, but not only, satisfaction with organisational issues. Since the later is the relatively more important component of overall quality assessment, policy-makers should keep track of these control variables.-- Conclusions. We have provided a tool for health policy management to be aimed towards ameliorating patient's discontent, since we have identified patients' "value chain".

Updated version (Dec. 2004) ; The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between satisfaction with waiting times in a Public Primary Health Care Service and a host of individual variables as well as market determinants. Since waiting time is imposing an opportunity cost on individuals, we model how agents derive different levels of utility and thus report degrees of satisfaction accounting for differences on opportunity cost components. The empirical research draws upon data from the 2002 Survey for Improving Patient Satisfaction with the Health Care Service in Andalucía. Ordered probit models are used to estimate different indirect utility functions specifications for the whole sample, as well as for men and women sub-samples and different age categories. Results suggest that there is evidence to support the existence of different behavior within both sex and age groups and that provided healthcare characteristics also shape utility and satisfaction. ; Funding from the Department of Health of the Andalucian Regional Government to undertake the 'Survey for Improving Patient Satisfaction with the Health Care Service in Andalucía' is acknowledged. ; Peer reviewed

This article considers federations of agricultural co‐operatives as claim‐oriented associations, characterized by integral goals, collective goods and ideological discourse. However, they differ from other claim‐oriented associations, such as farmers' unions, in their tendency toward unitary models for the representation of the interests of agricultural co‐operatives. The authors stress the importance of institutional factors in explaining this panorama. The Spanish case is used as an example of the influence of institutional factors on the process of the establishment of federations of agricultural co‐operatives. In particular, it focuses on decision‐making institutions, at the regional, national and European level, which have oriented such a process toward unitary models of representation.

El dolor, un problema de primer orden en salud, es la primera causa de consulta médica en atención primaria y del consumo de medicamentos de la población general. Mientras a nivel mundial se asume que el principal problema es la falta de acceso a medicamentos de importantes sectores de población en ciertos países, en otros puntos geográficos se pone el acento en un posible abuso o utilización inadecuada de los mismos. El objetivo principal de este artículo es conocer qué características influyen en el consumo de medicamentos para el dolor de la población española. Para ello se han analizado, por un lado, los datos de la Encuesta Nacional de Salud del año 2017 y, por otro, la Encuesta sobre Percepción Social del Dolor del año 2016. Hemos encontrado que las mujeres, así como las personas de mayor edad y con estudios básicos son las que mayor consumo de medicamentos presentan, pero también que el dolor de origen emocional, que es el que mayor intensidad dolorosa reporta, es el menos medicado de los dolores padecidos, siendo al mismo tiempo un dolor que sufren principalmente las mujeres.

The objective of this review was to understand how participants experience the decision-making process regarding the place of care for the elderly. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review of qualitative studies. The articles were included if they were original studies with qualitative/mixed methodology, written in English/Spanish, and that approached the decision-making process regarding the place of care for the elderly, already experienced by the participants. Forty-four articles were included, identifying experiences, both negative and positive. Negative experiences have been the most frequently reported experiences by all population groups; fear was the most relevant experience for the elderly, whereas concern was the most relevant for family members and professionals. This review has not only found a great variability of experiences, but also, it has deepened the differences between groups and the situations motivating/generating these experiences. This review highlights a wide range of experiences of those directly involved in the entire decision-making process on the place of care for the elderly. In future research it would be interesting to carry out qualitative primary studies conducted with professionals and other relevant people involved in this decision-making process, in order to know first-hand how they experience this process.

The objective of this review was to understand how participants experience the decision-making process regarding the place of care for the elderly. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review of qualitative studies. The articles were included if they were original studies with qualitative/mixed methodology, written in English/Spanish, and that approached the decision-making process regarding the place of care for the elderly, already experienced by the participants. Forty-four articles were included, identifying experiences, both negative and positive. Negative experiences have been the most frequently reported experiences by all population groups; fear was the most relevant experience for the elderly, whereas concern was the most relevant for family members and professionals. This review has not only found a great variability of experiences, but also, it has deepened the differences between groups and the situations motivating/generating these experiences. This review highlights a wide range of experiences of those directly involved in the entire decision-making process on the place of care for the elderly. In future research it would be interesting to carry out qualitative primary studies conducted with professionals and other relevant people involved in this decision-making process, in order to know first-hand how they experience this process. ; The first author has earned a grant from the Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte (Spanish government) to be trained as university teacher (Formación de Profesorado Universitario: FPU). ; Yes

This study provides additional empirical evidence for research concerning the effects of gender and age on retrospective time judgements using data obtained from a Spanish database with more than 40,000 individual observations on time estimations. Statistical analyses were performed using the Levene F-test and the t-test of variances and means, respectively. The most important results of the study are as follows: (a) differences in time estimation in relation to gender largely depend on the age groups analysed, with greater differences observed in the younger age group; and (b) although there are some differences regarding age, they are related to certain age groups, particularly the youngest age group.

The conspiracy of silence is extremely important due to both its high incidence and its consequences. This process usually occurs in situations of palliative care, or death; however, this concept is also mentioned in the literature linked to other contexts. Therefore, our objective was to study whether the conspiracy of silence may be extrapolated to the context of decision-making on the location of care in old age. To this end, we first analyzed the in-depth semi structured qualitative interviews conducted with older people, caregivers, and professionals, about decision-making on the location of care in old age. Subsequently, a comparative analysis was performed between the basic elements of the conspiracy of silence and this decision-making. Our findings revealed an avoidance process developed by all three groups. Furthermore, this decision-making presents similarities with the conspiracy of silence in the process of avoidance coping and denial that is developed. However, there are significant differences, as information is not withheld from the older person, who has an active attitude in the process of avoidance. Decision-making on the location of care in old age does not exactly match the conspiracy of silence process, but it does seem to correspond to a pact of silence.