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The Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) is one of the few Indian political parties which Contest nationwide. Its Hindu nationalistic appeal changed over time. In 1998, the BJP gained power and formed a coalition to rule India. Against some expectations, it did not transfer its Hindu nationalistic ideology into practice when it came to domestic and international politics. This paper answers the question of which factors affected the behavior of the BJP and influenced the BJP's policy. It argues that the BJP did not change its basic Hindu nationalistic character. It is still a political party with nationalistic party identity. But, political diversity of India led to an adjustment of enforceable political goals and the development of a flexible policy to gain political power. India's federal system, in combination with the trend towards factionalism, led to the necessity of coalition building among political parties. Thus, even the BJP had to use tactical shifts to partly moderate its rhetoric, along with other strategies in different states, to build coalitions with different political parties.

This paper is a humble attempt to pay tribute to the great legend of Marxism—Karl Heinrich Marx. Marxism as the field of literary criticism is highly endowed to this great titan. His works have been instruemental in the economic, social, political and literary ambits. The more we praise him through words, the more remains unsaid. History emerges as the powerful counter force to the changing relations of production including power relations which is a chief concern to writer. Marx traces the changes in the economic pattern in accordance with the historical forces. In all this tussle, some emerge powerful while as some remain powerless and this conflict creates class struggle. The downfall of the privileged class and the triumph of the weak class is underscored in most of his works. A modest reference to the seminal works of Marx has been made. Revolution by the under privileged section of the society as the only remedy to the major problems imposed by the capitalism is discussed in the paper.

Marxism gives a new dimension to the study of literature by laying stress upon the importance of history within which various social and cultural trends emerge. It helps us to gain a practical and systematic world view by devoting self to the intense study of history. It evaluates the modern society from a unique prism of master-slave view— Bourgeoisie and Proletariat. The account of the horrid tale of proletariat's oppression is recorded well in the seminal works of Karl Marx like Das Capital, The Communist Manifesto, The German Ideology and so on. A literary artist is deeply affected by the social, economic and political upheavels in the society and tries to give a true account of it in his literary works. Marxism helps the artist to unravel the self interest of the bourgeoisie by putting an end to the patriarchal and feudal idyllic relations which shook the ecstacies of brutal exploitation coated with religious fervor and sentimentalism. In this paper, an attempt has been made to understand the bond between literature and Classical Marxism. It is argued that Classical Marxism holds a testimony to the historical point of view as it strives for the self-emancipation of the working class which is subject to the ruthless oppression by bourgeoisie. The paper contends that the ruling ideas are no less than the futile ideal expression of dominant material relationships and the hegemonic forces should not intervene with the prestine literary ideas acccording to Marxist critics. The impact of Classical Marxism on literature in general will be assessed and evaluated in the historical and social context.