Suchergebnisse

The purpose of the article is to characterize the process of forming the simplified public administration in non-district towns and posads of Chernihiv province, its structure, limits of competence, the number of voters and commissioners delegated according to the Regulation of 1892. Research methods are determined by the goal, based on the principles of historicism and objectivity. They are represented by general scientific methods of analysis, induction and special-historical: historical-genetic and historical-comparative. The scientific novelty of this article is that it is the first attempt to study simplified public self-government of the late XIX on the materials of Chernihiv province. Using a representative source base, absolute and relative number of voters and commissioners in non-district towns and posads at a specified time were calculated. As a result of the study we can make the following conclusions. The simplified public administration was started in 20 localities of Chernihiv province, 3 non-district towns and 17 posads by the reform of 1892. Owners of real estate, worth at least 100 rub., from which they paid taxes to the local budget, were given the opportunity to vote. They elected a meeting of commissioners endowed with administrative power, the executive – relied on the chief and his assistants. The limits of the simplified self-government competence covered a wide range of economic and household issues, which were resolved collegially, by a majority vote of commissioners. The activity took place within the city legislation, under the direct control of provincial administration and the Ministry of Internal Affairs. The existing electoral system minimized the number of people with the right to express their will, who, by social affiliation, usually came from privileged classes. The simplified structure of public administration allowed to accumulate the power in hands of a meager number of commissioners, which made it impossible to represent proportionally the interests of all social strata in ...

The purpose of the article is to detail V. Modzalevskyi's work concerning protection of Chernihiv museums during July-November 1917, based on his written requests addressed to the city administration. The research methods conform to the stated purpose. They are based on the principle of historicism and objectivity. There are general scientific (analysis, induction) and special-historical (historical-comparative, historical-systemic, historical-genetic) methods. The scientific novelty is that for the first time the interaction between the City Government and V. Modzalevskyi, the Provincial Commissar for the Protection of Art Monuments and Antiquities concerning the preservation of artifacts concentrated in museums and cathedrals of Chernihiv at the time was studied. Based on the processed materials, we can draw the following conclusions. The revolutionary events in 1917 allowed peoples of imperial Russia to hope for a quickly solution to a number of persistent problems in all life spheres of the state and society. Ukrainians set out to restore their statehood by creating a representative body, the Central Rada, which was transformed in April 1917 into a revolutionary parliament that led the national movement in the Dnieper region. Among its active participants were individuals who, despite the war and the deep socio-economic crisis, were aware of the importance of cultural and spiritual heritage for the process of restoring Ukrainian statehood, strengthening ethnic self-identification. One of them is Vadym Modzalevskyi, the Chernihiv Provincial Commissar for the Protection of Art Monuments and Antiquities, and the head of the Committee for the Protection of Art Monuments and Antiquities. Thanks to him, monument protection measures were initiated to preserve the antiquities of the Chernihiv United Historical Museum and the scientific archival commission, the Museum of Ukrainian Antiquities named after V.V. Tarnovskyi, the diocesan ancient repository located in the Trinity Cathedral, Orthodox shrines. The ...