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The current research examined the effects of teachers and classrooms environment on girls' learning skills in girls' high schools. The main objective of the study was to analyze the classroom as a key academic and learning site in which the nature of interaction between teachers and students and among peers have a strong impact on students' learning skills. The study covers 271 girl students from four high schools (two government and two private schools) from district Gujrat, Pakistan. A proportionate random sampling technique was employed to draw a sample from the population. A quantitative cross-sectional survey method was conducted. The measurement tool consisted of eight different measurements of teacher, classroom, and learning skills respectively. The study findings reveal that the classroom environment has been positively associated with the learning skills of the girl students. We experiment with different formulations of the dependent and independent variables, taking full advantage of our data and additional analyses using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), allowed us to better ascertain and quantify the causal pathways in the relationship between classroom and girls' learning skills in high schools.

Candidate voters are a significant percentage of the electorate in Pakistani Punjab. Consideration of the last three National Assembly elections shows a consistent attitude: Punjabi voters care more about candidates than they do about political parties. Political parties attract voters in urban districts, but they rely on "electables" (candidates with strong personality and loose party affiliation) in semi-urban and rural districts.

A study of the last four national elections (2002, 2008, 2013, and 2018) in Pakistani Punjab indicates how affiliation with political parties develops and varies in the province. In urban areas, parties have a relatively stable presence and hardened loyalists. However, in less-developed and rural areas they rely on electables and politically influential families, which limits their choices in nominating candidates. In the latter areas, voters care more about candidates and kinship than about parties and their manifestos.

AbstractEnvironmental crises, precipitated by a globally dominant model of developmentalism, have changed the lives of less visible communities in geographical peripheries. This study draws on our participant observation of the China–Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) in general as a massive infrastructural development project and the Qadirabad coal power plant as one of many CPEC projects where developmentalism and local lives intersect with each other. We have presented evidence of how massive development projects bring about consequential but disguised social and environmental impacts on locals. The locals' narratives show that the Qadirabad project has brought about economic, agricultural and environmental degradation in their lives. They believe that the governments in Pakistan are conscious of foreign projects with adverse effects on the everyday lived realities of the people but willfully choose to ignore them.

Pakistan's relevance to the immediate theater of the Russia–Ukraine war was the presence of its prime minister in Moscow on the eve of the Russian invasion. Pakistan proclaimed neutrality but later revisited its position in the face of compelling domestic and external constraints. The trajectory of Pakistan's response to the war and its perception of the consequences of war for itself and the Indo-Pacific region reflected its historical interaction pattern with the United States, China, Russia, and India. External strategic challenges (as the Indo-Pacific gets more competitive) along with economic predicaments constrained the military leadership and the new government to change their stance on the war and consider it an opportunity to realign with the West (its familiar historical preference).

With the increasing concern on climate change, the world is focusing on achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The SDGs are the set of goals that influence every aspect of life. In efforts to achieve the SDGs, the European Union (EU) Green Deal is a roadmap to transform the EU economy by turning the issues into opportunities. The built environment is an important sector that can expedite the process of achieving the SDGs and have the potential to impact other industries as well. The adoption of the green building rating system globally has proved to be a paradigm shift in the construction industry. The demand for green buildings is increasing and with it, the associated industries are also adapting to meet the demands of the green buildings. Typically, standards for evaluating building sustainability have been structured to evaluation categories, each of which includes many criteria and indicators for each criterion. The objective of this research is to develop the Green Digital Twin framework to be executed on all kinds of built environment domains. The aims are to take advantage of the BIM data, IoT, and digital means to change the static checklist of sustainability into dynamic indicators (Energy, air, material, etc), and performance verification in the virtual reality environment by developing Green Digital Twin. The data from the BIM has been analyzed in virtual reality to conduct the credit compliance of LEED credits from the material and resources category. The furniture element's EPDs and recycled content of the building element were verified in the virtual reality. The research proposed a comprehensive framework for the sustainability assessment in which there are several digital twin models for each KPI (key performance indicator). The case study carried out validated the results. The applications of this research are multifaceted as it provided an effective methodology to digitalize the process of credit verification, data visualization, and real-time monitoring of the parameters through ...

Khadim Rizvi's open manifestation of religion helped him become one of the most popular leaders of Barelvi-Sunni Muslims in Pakistani Punjab. He emerged as the leader of a moral community during a crisis. After a series of protests and negotiated agreements with the federal and provincial governments, he was able to translate his support into electoral power. In the 2018 election, his TLP bagged 1.8 million votes (National Assembly seats) from Punjab. It was the first instance in recent political history when a newcomer religious party finished third in the province. No religious party had been able, in the last three elections (2008, 2013, 2018), to impact elections in Punjab as the TLP did in 2018.

Abstract
Cultural exchange between Pakistani and Chinese citizens increased after the launch of CPEC. Cooperation and understanding between the governments extended to collaboration and acceptance among the people. And people-to-people relations between the two sides strengthened. Students, artists, sportspersons, businesspeople, professionals, and workers travelled and developed a rapport with locals. A detailed study of the Sahiwal coal power plant and nearby villages, comprising data collection through fieldwork, shows that despite cultural diversity, managers and workers from both sides accepted the cultural diversity and worked for mutual benefit. People working at the power plant exchanged material and non-material cultures with each other that helped them manage cultural diversity. And they strengthened cross-cultural relations, for their exchanges were rewarding and mutually beneficial.