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This paper assesses the success of the extensive efforts by federal, state and local governments to obtain equality of opportunity for minority group members in government positions in South Carolina. The study uses the 5% Public Use Microdata Sample from the 2000 Census to ascertain if employment of minority group members in government positions is consistent with its proportionality in the available labor force. The findings suggest, that after more than 30 years of efforts to obtain equality of employment opportunity in federal, state and local governments in South Carolina, significant progress has been made to ensure equality of opportunity for African Americans but more work is needed if equality is to be achieved for all minority group members.

This study examines the impact of affirmative action programs on federal employment to determine if equality of opportunity has been achieved across the various occupational categories and management, professional and supervisory positions. The study differs from most studies of EEO in that it utilizes the five-percent Public Use Microdata Sample from the 2000 Census rather than the database normally used by the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission. The findings suggest that after 40 years of intensive affirmative action efforts the federal government continues to employ a disproportionate number of minority group members than would be expected from their representation in the labor force. The disparity in employment of various minority group members is surprisingly large, suggesting that good intentions may have only intensified discrimination in federal employment for some minority employees.