Suchergebnisse

The 14 chapters in this book provide an introduction to the techniques used and the issues addressed by farm-level models. They underline the potential that exists to generate new insights and guidance for policy makers as these models come to be more widely used. The book is split into two discrete parts based on loosely defined spatial distinctions. Part 1 concerns itself with assessment at the farm level and the various approaches used for this. From the farm-level assessments we may have indications of how particular farms may respond to changes or challenges, and in some instances these will be either typical or average farms reflective of the study region. Part 2 focuses on how to aggregate these results to reflect a wider set of farming responses at a catchment, national or even supranational level.

Intro -- Farm-level Modelling: Techniques, Applications and Policy -- Copyright -- Contents -- Contributors -- Foreword -- Reference -- Preface -- Acknowledgements -- 1 Policy Impact Assessment -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 Evolution of EU Agricultural Policies and Parallel Development of Impact Models -- 1.3 The Widening Role of Farm-level Modelling in Impact Assessment -- 1.3.1 Interactions between activities -- 1.3.2 Farm heterogeneity -- 1.3.3 Agriculture-environment interactions -- 1.3.4 Dynamics and structural change -- 1.3.5 Market feedback -- 1.4 What Models Do We Need to Assess Tomorrow's Agricultural Policies? -- Notes -- References -- 2 Positive Mathematical Programming -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Review of Existing Methods -- 2.2.1 PMP, calibration and cost estimates -- 2.2.2 PMP and cost function characteristics -- 2.2.3 PMP models and latent activities -- 2.3 PMP Application for Policy Assessments -- 2.4 Conclusions -- Notes -- References -- 3 Modelling Farm-level Adaptations Under External Shocks -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Review of Existing Methodologies -- 3.3 LP Modelling -- 3.3.1 Land -- 3.3.2 Feed -- 3.3.3 Labour -- 3.3.4 Herd size -- 3.3.5 Exogenous adaptation measures -- 3.3.6 Modelling runs -- 3.3.7 Input data -- 3.4 Limitations -- 3.5 Application -- 3.5.1 Irish farms under climate change -- 3.5.2 The case of alternative farrowing housing for sows in the UK -- 3.6 Summary -- References -- 4 Farm-level Modelling, Risk and Uncertainty -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Review of Existing Models -- 4.3 The Utility Efficient Programming Model -- 4.3.1 Gross margin distributions -- 4.3.2 Calculation of spot price gross margins -- 4.3.3 Calculation of gross margins using futures markets -- 4.4 Application -- 4.4.1 Run 1: coupled area payments -- 4.4.2 Run 2: the decoupled Single Farm Payment (SFP).

EU biofuels support Biofuels modelling with CAPRI Scenario setting Main results Concluding remarks Biofuels production and use will remain mainly driven by public support Strong links of biofuels to agricultural markets Development of second generation technologies would ease food-fuel links

Leaving the European Union will present significant challenges to the farming industry, and creative change is required for a new agricultural policy after the transition period. Many farms rely on public support and there is a need to review possible solutions that will replace and improve on the Common Agricultural Policy, for both the industry and wider society. In particular, could the resources currently spent on CAP basic and coupled payments be redirected to pay for the delivery of public environmental goods? This study aims to contribute to preparing the evidence for post-Brexit agricultural and environmental support in this context. The results are intended to provide a basis for discussion and an illustration of how various proposals for supporting agriculture and the environment after exiting the EU could be applied. The objectives of this study are to:  illustrate how the concept of public money for public goods could be realised across a range of farm types in Scotland;  using case studies, make a comparison of current agricultural support with alternative proposals for rewarding farmers for the delivery of environmental public goods;  assess the impact on farm income of the various proposals compared with current pillar 1 and pillar 2 payments on the selected farms; and  discuss the feasibility