Suchergebnisse

This IMR Dispatch attempts to elucidate the different concerns of human right groups and international communities over the relocation of the Rohingyas, a forcefully displaced ethnic minority of Myanmar, from the Cox's Bazar refugee camps, in mainland Bangladesh, to a newly developed island, Bhasan Char, in the Bay of Bengal. Of the nearly 1 million Rohingyas currently living in Cox's Bazar camps, the Bangladesh government has started relocating 100,000 Rohingyas to Bhasan Char. International organizations have expressed three concerns over this relocation strategy: first, that the Rohingyas have been relocated to Bhasan Char forcibly, second, that since Bhasan Char is a newly built island, there are potential environmental risks for the Rohingyas, and third, that this relocation does not ensure that the Rohingyas' human rights will be respected on the island. The Bangladesh government, however, has dismissed these allegations, arguing that the relocation of 100,000 Rohingyas is voluntary and that the island provides them an opportunity for improved living. This IMR Dispatch reflects on those allegations concerning the relocation strategy, with the goal of drawing migration scholars' attention to these developments. Since the Rohingyas are already a forcibly displaced community, migration scholars should pay close attention to this re-migration or onward migration of large numbers of Rohingyas to a new island and its implications for host-country approaches to forced migration.

Background: Lowbirthweight(LBW)contributes substantially to neonatal, infant, and childhood mortality and morbidity. Several maternal factors contribute to the incidence of LBW, majority of which are biologically and socially interrelated, are modifiable; making LBW a potentially preventable condition. Objective: To evaluate the association of maternal risk factors with birth weight of newborn. Methods: This hospital-based cross-sectional comparative study was conducted in Mugda medical college, Dhaka, a government health center of Bangladesh, from January 2019 to 30 June 2019. A total of 180 recently delivered pregnant mother were included in this study and categorized into two groups: Group A- 90 mother who had given birth of low birth weight baby, and Group B- another 90 mother who delivered normal birth weight baby.Face-to-face interviews using a structured questionnaire and a review of medical records were carried out. Statistical analyses of the results were obtained by using window-based computer software devised with SPSS version 23. Results: Highest percentage of patients from both group A and B were belonged to 20 - 34 years of age (62.2% and 81.1% respectively) and para £3 (76.7% and 88.8% respectively) with significant odds ratio for delivering low birth weight baby at advanced maternal age (³35 years) (OR=2.14, p value 0.037) and high parity (para >3) (OR=2.44, p value 0.03).Majority mothers from group A had hypertension (58.9%) whereas 90% mothers from group B were normotensive with significant odds ratio (OR= 12.89, p value 3 (OR= 2.66, p value 0.257). Conclusion: Gestational hypertension, advanced maternal age and high parity are the significant risk factors for delivering LBW baby. ...

The performance of a sustainable green concrete with fly ash (FA), rice husk ash (RHA), and stone dust (SD) as a partial replacement of cement and sand was experimentally explored. FA and RHA have a high silica content, are highly pozzolanic in nature and have a high surface area without any treatment. These by-products show filler effects, which enhance concrete's density. Results showed that the FA and RHA materials have good hydration behaviour and effectively develop strength at an early age of concrete. SD acts as a stress transferring medium within concrete, thereby allowing the concrete to be stronger in compression, and bending. Consequently, water absorption capacity of the sustainable concrete was lower than that of the ordinary one. However, a little reduction in strength was observed after the replacement of the binder and aggregate using the FA, RHA and SD, but the reduction was insignificant. The reinforced structure with sustainable concrete containing the FA, RHA, and SD generally fails in concrete crushing tests initiated by flexural cracking followed by shear cracks. The sustainable concrete could be categorized as a perfect material with no significant conciliation in strength properties and can be applied to design under-reinforced elements for a low-to-moderate service load.