Suchergebnisse

Background: The current legislation on the provision of medical assistance fixes the patient's right to health care and medical assistance (Article 41 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation). Hence it follows that the patient has the opportunity to receive advice on the use of different treatment methods not only from his/her attending physician, but also from other doctors, to use available reference information, and to consider options for using methods of alternative medicine. Patients have the right to refuse treatment if they consider that the treatment options offered by the attending physician are inappropriate for them. Physicians have no right to treat patients without a patient's informed consent. It is necessary to determine the actual legal model of the relationship between the attending physician and the patient, who may have different options for further treatment. The purpose of the study was to analyze the legislation on the protection of public health, which allows the attending physician to refuse further treatment of a patient, informing the chief physician about the reasons for the refusal.Results. In cases when cancer hospitals and centers refuse to treat patients who decline conventional cancer treatment and require alternative medicine instead, a signed mutual refusal of medical care is documented: the patient's refusal of the treatment and the cancer institution's refusal of the treatment options offered by the patient. ; Актуальность. Современное законодательство об оказании медицинской помощи закрепляет право пациента на охрану здоровья и медицинскую помощь (ст. 41 Конституции РФ). Отсюда следует, что пациент имеет возможность получить консультацию по поводу применения различных способов своего лечения не только у своего лечащего врача, но и у других врачей, воспользоваться доступной справочной информацией, а также рассмотреть варианты применения методов нетрадиционной медицины. Пациент также имеет право отказаться от медицинского вмешательства, если считает неприемлемым для своего лечения вариант оказания медицинской помощи, предлагаемый лечащим врачом. Врач не имеет права приступить к лечению пациента без согласия последнего. Необходимо определить актуальную юридическую модель взаимоотношений лечащего врача и пациента, которые могут иметь различные варианты дальнейшего лечения.Цель исследования – проанализировать законодательство об охране здоровья граждан, которое позволяет лечащему врачу отказаться от дальнейшего лечения пациента, поставив в известность главного врача с обоснованием причины отказа.Результаты. Обосновывается возможность онкологического учреждения здравоохранения отказаться от лечения пациента, требующего использовать для своего лечения нестандартные методы оказания медицинской помощи. При этом оформляется обоюдный отказ от медицинского вмешательства: отказ пациента, не согласного с предложенным вариантом лечения, и отказ медицинского учреждения от выполнения требований пациента о применении предлагаемых им методов лечения.

Ethnic parties are representing the interests of ethnic groups in politics. There is a debate in political science about whether ethnic parties are catalysts for ethnic conflict. The purpose of the article is to provide a critical review of contemporary theoretical and empirical arguments about the relations between ethnic conflicts and ethnic parties. The author focuses on theoretical arguments of supporters of the model of consensus democracy (consociationalism) and supporters of the centripetal model of multiethnic states' institutions. These models see the roles of ethnic parties differently. Consensus model of democracy presupposes active ethnic representation with ethnic parties, while the centripetal model proposes to incorporate ethnic parties into nationwide pre-electoral coalitions. The article proves that these models do not contradict each other, but only describe different institutional designs that can be used in different circumstances. Comparing theoretical and empirical arguments, the author of the article shows that the connection between ethnic parties and ethnic conflicts is found in the context of institutional restrictions on the possibility of including ethnic groups in politics and the lack of cooperation between the elites of ethnic groups

Actuality. In the conditions of modern development of medicine constantly there is an improvement of existing and emergence of new methods of treatment of oncological diseases. The use of high- tech methods of medical care for the treatment of cancer allows to increase the survival rates in the detection and subsequent treatment of malignant neoplasms. This circumstance causes the appearance of patients with cancer desire not only to cure this underlying disease, but also to preserve the quality of life that preceded it. Often, patients of reproductive age wish to realize their reproductive function. The article analyzes the possibilities of the medical organization, when detecting breast cancer in a patient of childbearing age, to use methods of treatment aimed at the implementation of the patient's reproductive rights.Purpose of research. To perform the law on the protection of public health, which provides patient before the start of anticancer therapy kryokonservierung oocyte.Results. It is noted that such opportunities are limited by the current legislation that does not grant the right to persons with such cancer at the expense of the budget to use the methods of assisted reproduction and cryopreservation technologies to maintain their reproductive potential. The article substantiates the need to consolidate the possibility for women of childbearing age who have breast cancer and want to realize their reproductive function after treatment before chemo - and radiation therapy to receive and cryopreservate with the subsequent storage of oocytes, embryos or ovarian tissue at the expense of the budget. ; Актуальность. В условиях современного развития медицины постоянно совершенствуются существующие и появляются новые методы лечения онкологических заболеваний. Применение для лечения онкологических заболеваний высокотехнологичных методов оказания медицинской помощи позволяет увеличить цифры выживаемости при выявлении и последующем лечении злокачественных новообразований. Данное обстоятельство обусловливает появление у пациентов с онкологической патологией желания не только излечить это основное заболевание, но и сохранить качество жизни, предшествовавшее ему. Нередко пациенты хотят реализовать свою репродуктивную функцию. В статье анализируются возможности медицинской организации при обнаружении у пациентки фертильного возраста рака молочной железы использования методов лечения, направленных на реализацию пациенткой своей репродуктивной функции.Цель исследования – проанализировать законодательство об охране здоровья граждан, которое обеспечивает возможность пациента до начала противоопухолевой терапии криоконсервировать яйцеклетки.Результаты. Отмечается, что такие возможности ограничиваются действующим законодательством, не предоставляющим право лицам с таким онкологическим заболеванием за счет бюджетных средств использовать методы вспомогательной репродукции и криоконсервационных технологий для поддержания своего репродуктивного потенциала. Обосновывается необходимость закрепления возможности для женщин фертильного возраста, у которых обнаружен рак молочной железы и желающих реализовать после лечения свою репродуктивную функцию, перед химио- и лучевой терапией получить и криоконсервировать с последующим хранением ооциты, эмбрионы или ткань яичника за счет бюджетных средств.

The work is partially supported by Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation (Project no. 4.1177.2014/K) and by the Government of Sverdlovsk Region and RFBR (Project no, 13-03-96055). ; Magnetic and electric properties as well as the structure (by Vrays) and DSC of Al91Co2Ce7 and Al89Co5Dy6 alloys in amorphous and crystalline states are studied. For both ribbons crystallization goes into two stages. In case of Al91Co2Ce7 composition it starts with the formation of Al nanoparticles; after that Al11Ce3 and Al9Co2 compounds appear. For Al89Co5Dy6 ribbon the situation is vice versa - the crystallization of Al3Dy compound Lakes place at the first stage vvhereas crystallization of aluminum matrix arises at the second stage only. The effective magnetic moments per Cc (Dy) atoms were found to be smaller than for R3+ ions suggesting that rare-earth atoms create directed bonds with aluminum atoms. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

A fundamentally important result of offshore exploration is the identification of a new oilbearing region in the eastern part of the Pechomorsk shelf. Large oil fields have been discovered here: Prirazlomnoye, Varandey-more, Medynskoye-more, Dolginskoye. The explored reserves and resources of hydrocarbons (HC) suggest that in the near future a new oil-producing region will be formed on the shelf of the Pechora Sea. According to the State Balance, the total initial raw oil resources in the Pechora Sea are 3273.2 million tons. The main task of our work is the desire of the authors to draw attention to the problem of accelerating the pace of searches for promising objects on the shelf of the Pechora Sea and additional exploration of already discovered deposits in the Ordovician-Lower Fransk oil and gas megacomplex in the Varandey-Adzvinskaya structural zone (VASZ).The prevailing disproportion between the plans for the development of the fuel and energy complex, its resource availability and the rate of replenishment of the hydrocarbon raw material base of the Pechora Sea shelf may turn into serious problems for the energy security of the country.The further development of a large oil production cluster on the shelf of the Pechora Sea is primarily associated with the prospecting and development of hydrocarbon resources of the relatively deep-lying oil and gas bearing predominantly carbonate Ordovician-Lower Fransky megacomplex (MC) on the VASZ shelf and adjacent areas, especially at the Prirazlomnoye and Medynskoye-more fields.

Political dilemmas arising in a multi-ethnic state in the priorities of language policy context are always acute political issues. The difficulty of balancing the language policy is at the heart of the conflict of interests of different ethnic groups. Frequently, their interests are directly opposed, and the interests of the elites run counter to the interests of the ethnic groups, which creates a set of intractable dilemmas. The authors believe that we face a set of such dilemmas in modern Russia. Throughout the 20th century, the political leaders and elites of the Russian Empire, the USSR, and then the Russian Federation followed diametrically different approaches to the issue of languages. Recent years have witnessed purposeful activity of the Russian Federal center to develop a certain unified concept of language policy to form a common civil identity. However, the measures taken by the Federal center - in particular, the transition to the optional study of regional languages at school - meet with certain resistance from the regional ethnic and national elites for whom they become matters of principle. Regional elites would resist erosion of regional identities, which occurs also through the mechanisms of language policy. Another factor in this political process is associated with the ratio of ethnic groups with certain interests in different regions of Russia (we can often observe the following situation: ethnic majority and Russian minorit. ; В статье рассматривается специфика языковой ситуации, особенности функционирования и взаимодействия языков в многонациональной Республике Татарстан.

The work was partly supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research and the Government of Sverdlovsk region (grant nos 13-03-96055-ural and 13-02-96036-ural). ; Using a combination of the synchrotron X-ray absorption spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, vibrating magnetometry, Faraday's method and thermal analysis, we studied Al92Ce8 alloy in the glassy, crystalline and liquid states. The cerium in the alloy demonstrates mixed valence behavior with the noticeable portion of tetravalent states. The local order and physical properties of the investigated composition are discussed in the assumption of specific chemical bonding between Al and Ce with partial involvement of 4f-electrons. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.