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The generally accepted humanistic morality doctrin De Costantia in publicis malis and Politicorum seu civilis doctrinae libri sex (1589), the main work of the neostoic thought written by the Dutch academic Justus Lipsius had influenced the intellectual and political environment of Richelieu soon, so that the essential purposes had entered his political bequest. It is to proclaim political prudence characterized lipsianically. To realise these principles there is the necessity of moral demands for the elite guided by discipline, reason, constancy, patience, firmness (vertu male) as an assumption for the construction of an early-modern state in France to overcome the confessional crisis. Adapted from the source document.

This article discusses the literature of Justus Lipsius, a 16th century Dutch writer & professor, & his political philosophy "De Constantia." In light of the civil wars & general unrest in the Netherlands, Lipsius had himself sensed the necessity for security & strength, & wrote this piece on constancy (which he defined as a robust strength of mind) as a call to wisdom & intellectual strength, according to the author of this article. The article describes: 1) the effect of Lipsius' moral philosophy on the politics & ethics of Johannes Althusius, & 2) the concept of constancy as an undervalued symbolic notion. References. A. Kallioinen