Suchergebnisse

We would like to thank all participants who took part in the study. ; The datasets for this study can be found in the https://figshare.com/articles/Data_set_of_the_paper_A_proposal _of_a_societal_sexual_double_standard_measure_/7523138. ; The Supplementary Material for this article can be found online at: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg. 2019.01869/full#supplementary-material ; In the context of heterosexual relationships, the sexual double standard (SDS) leads to a more negative assessment of women than men when they exhibit the same sexual behavior. This work assumes that in Western democratic societies, the individual attitude toward SDS takes different forms due to the processes of conviction regarding the social norm that exists on this matter. Therefore, the individual attitude toward SDS will depend on the person's perception of what others think about that topic. We distinguish between self-referred response, it refers to subjects' personal endorsement of the SDS, and responses hetero-referred, subjects' perception of sexual societal double standard. This paper presents a version of the Double Standard Scale (SDSS) that assesses the subjective perception of society's support for the SDS. We examine its psychometric properties in a sample of Spanish population heterosexual of 1,206 individuals (50% males), distributed across three groups (18–34, 35–49, and 50 years old or older). We performed Exploratory and Confirmatory Factor Analysis. The final version consists of 18 item distributed into three factors (Acceptance for Male Sexual Shyness, Acceptance for Female Sexual Freedom and Acceptance for Traditional Double Standard). Said three-factor structure does not match with the two-factor structure of the self-referred form. Internal consistency, temporal stability and validity evidence are reported. This version of the SDSS is reliable and valid. No gender differences are found in the SDSS-H. However, the results show that the context of group membership, based on education and age, is differently associated with the response to SDSS-H. That is, higher scores are found for individuals with the highest education and for the youngest participants. We discuss the usefulness of this measure to improve the prediction of individual attitude toward SDS, as well as, to evaluate the SDS phenomenon at a level of macropsychological analysis. ; This study was funded through a research project granted by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (Grant Number PSI2014-58035-R).

Background: Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) causes physical, sexual, or psychological harm. The association between psychosexual (sexual assertiveness, erotophilia, and attitude towards sexual fantasies) and sexual function (sexual desire, sexual excitation, erection, orgasm capacity, and sexual satisfaction), and the experience of physical and non-physical IPV was assessed. Methods: Data from 3394 (1766 women, 1628 men) heterosexual adults completed the Spanish version of the Index of Spouse Abuse, scales measuring psychosexual and sexual function, and demographic characteristics were collected. Results: For men, poorer sexual health was associated with an experience of physical abuse (F = 4.41, p < 0.001) and non-physical abuse (F = 4.35, p < 0.001). For women, poorer sexual health was associated with physical abuse (F = 13.38, p < 0.001) and non-physical abuse (F = 7.83, p < 0.001). Conclusion: The experience of physical or non-physical abuse has a negative association with psychosexual and sexual functioning in both men and women. ; Spanish Government SEJ2007-61824

La creación del Espacio Europeo de Educación Superior (EEES) es uno de los objetivos más ambiciosos establecidos por la Unión Europea para conseguir la convergencia en materia de Educación Superior en los 45 países miembros. Dentro del EEES se da especial importancia a los estudios de doctorado, como base de la formación académica y de la investigación. Por ello, el objetivo de este trabajo es realizar un análisis comparativo de los estudios de doctorado en los 45 países miembros del EEES. Los resultados muestran grandes diferencias entre las legislaciones analizadas, lo que dificulta la convergencia en los plazos establecidos. ; The creation of the European Higher Education Area (EHEA) is one of the most ambitious objectives established by the European Union to achieve the convergence in the Higher Education between the 45 countries of the Community in 2010. The doctoral studies are of a great importance for the EHEA as they are the base of the academic formation and the investigation. For this reason, the purpose of the study is to analyze and compare the doctoral studies in 45 countries of the EHEA. The results show great differences between the analyzed legislations which makes the convergence within the established time limit more difficult.