Suchergebnisse

Este artigo procura refletir sobre a construção de um Mercado Único Digital e sobre as iniciativas que visam aumentar a conectividade dos cidadãos europeus. A generalização do acesso à Internet apresenta evidentes vantagens e benefícios para cidadãos e empresas, mas também desafia a sociedade. Duas questões principais são problematizadas: a literacia digital e o poder dos atores na rede. Em primeiro lugar, os benefícios da disponibilização de uma determinada tecnologia não resultam apenas da generalização do seu acesso. Resultam, sim, e em grande parte, da capacidade dos indivíduos para tirar partido dessa utilização e do uso que é promovido. Deste modo, as políticas de promoção de tecnologias não podem estar dissociadas de políticas de promoção de literacia mediática e digital. Em segundo lugar, generalizar o acesso à Internet pode potenciar ainda mais o poder dos atores que, neste momento, concentram já grande parte da atividade dos internautas. Esta problemática diz respeito a questões de concorrência económica, mas também de poder social para fornecer quadros simbólicos de leitura do mundo. ; This article seeks to reflect on the construction of a Digital Single Market (DSM) and on initiatives aimed at increasing the connectivity of European citizens. The widespread access to internet has obvious advantages for citizens and businesses, but it also gives rise to challenges for society. There are two principal issues. Firstly, digital literacy and the power of the players. First, the benefits of the availability of a particular technology do not just result from widespread access. They result, to a large extent, from the capacity of people to take advantage of the use and from the practices that are promoted. Thus, policies to promote technology cannot be dissociated from policies to promote media and digital literacy. Secondly, generalizing access to the Internet can further enhance the power of the players who, at this moment, already concentrate a large part of Internet users' activity. This issue concerns matters of economic competition, but also of social power to provide symbolic frameworks to read the world.

Deliberative democracies are based on the principle of citizens' participation. However, election turnouts and citizens' alienation are signs of a political disengagement that could endanger the foundations of democratic systems. The spaces in which political debate and rational argumentation between equals may take place have diminished, yet new digital technologies have brought up potentialities in the promotion of online, horizontal and deliberative communication. Political blogs have been one of the most studied platforms, as they allow citizens engaged in political discussion and argumentation to establish a public sphere in which matters of public concern are debated. Nonetheless, issues of political polarization, fragmentation and non-rational debate have also been pointed out to limit the most optimistic perspectives over political blogs. By using the social network analysis, this paper aims to contribute to a better understanding of the role of Portuguese political blogs, by assessing its level of deliberation. ; This research was supported by the Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia and co-funded by the European Social Fund in the framework of the Programa Operacional Potencial Humano (POPH) of QREN (SFRH / BD / 45400 / ...

New technologies have enabled innovative possibilities of communication, but have also imposed new upon matters of ethics, particularly in regards to platforms such as blogs. This article builds upon the reflections and experiences on this issue, in an attempt to map and analyse the ethical questions underlying the Portuguese blogosphere. In order to reflect on the possibility and opportunity to create a code of ethics for bloggers, attention is permanently paid to the political ...

New technologies have enabled innovative possibilities of communication, but have alsoimposed new upon matters of ethics, particularly in regards to platforms such as blogs. This articlebuilds upon the reflections and experiences on this issue, in an attempt to map and analysethe ethical questions underlying the Portuguese blogosphere. In order to reflect on the possibilityand opportunity to create a code of ethics for bloggers, attention is permanently paid to thepolitical blogosphere.

Since the abolition of the 50-years old authoritarian regime in Portugal in the mid-1970s, political discourses and legal texts have incorporated media diversity as a fundamental democratic value. The 1976 Constitution prohibited cross-media concentration and subsequent media legislation contemplated pluralism as a vital societal dimension. This recognition however has always been expressed in vague and inoperative terms as no government has ever had a real interest in preventing concentration of media ownership and in guaranteeing broadcasting content diversity. In an ever fragile political environment, governments have either promoted 'friendly' media groups or, fearing adverse reaction, abstained to act against the perceived interests of the established ones. Taking advantage of the smallness of the country, media owners have efficiently argued that scale was necessary to maintain the media in national hands, and that concentration in itself was a guarantee of media content diversity. The 'foreign enemy' argument has served both the interests of successive governments and domestic multimedia groups. ...

The loss of localism has been a common trend in most radio markets in Europe and the United States. Deregulation of ownership led to a concentration phenomenon that has affected local radios in several western democracies. New forms of regulation have been considered as possible ways to stop the erosion of localism by applying rules to markets in the defense of diversity, pluralism, and the local dimension. This article analyses the local radio market in Portugal, by assessing the changes in the legislation and by examining the regulatory action that can, according to its remit, act preventively to avoid market forces to harm these principles. ...

Versão final do autor / Accepted version | Pré-publicação online do artigo (11/04/2020) / Online First (11/04/2020) ; Following the global financial crisis of 2007/08, five European countries called for external financial assistance. Austerity policies were implemented, but the extent to which the bailout deal impacted the Portuguese and Spanish public service broadcasters has not been yet thoroughly investigated. Both born in dictatorial regimes, these public services broadcasters in democratic contexts followed different solutions for governance and funding. This article investigates the changes produced in the Portuguese and Spanish public media under the austerity era, analysing the policy measures implemented, as well as the economic and ratings performance of both public service broadcasters. The aim is to assess if external factors (such as external assistance) originated similar effects in both countries Results show that, in spite of different funding and governance models adopted, both public services were heavily impacted in terms of revenues and ratings and that the austerity period provided the context to set up a neoliberal ideological point-of-view. Both public services lost legitimacy and their cultural and political role was undermined by a discussion that was grounded on economic factors alone. ; The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: This research was financed by Portuguese national funds through FCT – Foundation for Science and Technology, I.P., under the project ...

Despite the conceptual difficulties and complex configuration, the concept of public sphere has dominated much of the recent literature in areas such as political sciences, cultural studies, communication sciences and sociology of new media.

Despite the conceptual difficulties and complex configuration, the concept of public sphere has dominated much of the recent literature in areas such as political sciences, cultural studies, communication sciences and sociology of new media.