Suchergebnisse

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) ; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) ; Processo FAPESP: 2015/24560-0 ; CNPq: 306214/2015-6 ; Global warming, as many other threats, requires more activity from the government, and people inquire about this, rightfully so. However, the public and private sectors nowadays have a joint responsibility with society. Global warming has come out of the scientific community and shows that climate change is an important social, economic, and political issue. Currently the carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions by transportation sector are the main polluter of the planet. For this reason, in this paper we propose a reflection on transport, which is an important sector of the economy, responsible for the generation of many jobs and wealth but, at the same time, it has negative impacts on people, companies, and the environment. Recent investigations demonstrate that mobility problems affects the life quality of the people, business productivity and gross domestic product (GDP) performance. In the face of the changes that we are experiencing, it is important to find alternatives that assistance governments in the decision making to solve the problem of traffic in large and medium-size cities and bring well-being to the population. The goal is to provide accurate tool to help take the best decisions in situations that most of the time has a lack of economic resources and transparency. Another motivation is to increase the productivity of companies and achieve sustainable development by reducing mobility problems and CO2 emissions. As outcomes of the paper, an in-depth study is presented on the subject that indicates a gap in the literature with fuzzy logic applied to sustainability. We indicate a sustainable option for the transport sector using algorithms for decision-making, and broaden the discussion on climate change and solutions to reduce the impacts caused by humanity. When the models were applied through a conceptual study, it was possible to provide an instrument generated on the use of algorithms that can aid decision making by getting qualitative data from a discussion with stakeholders on a topic. Finally, the document identifies the importance of the participation of stakeholder, reinforces legitimacy and transparency in decision-making processes and above all present a tool that can help governments to solve this problem. In short, this work proposes an original and valuable tool to be applied in the decision-making process for the sustainable transport sector based on the stakeholder engagement. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

A venda de produtos eletroeletrônicos cresce em função das inovações tecnológicas e da rapidez com que eles se tornam obsoletos, refletindo no aumento de um resíduo descartado denominado Resíduos de Equipamentos Eletroeletrônicos (REEE) ou Lixo Eletrônico. Oriundo do descarte de eletroeletrônicos, tais como desktops, notebooks, impressoras e celulares, o REEE é um problema relevante, pois contém substâncias danosas ao meio ambiente e à saúde humana. Dessa forma, torna-se necessário uma disposição final adequada. Com a criação da Política Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos (PNRS) no Brasil, os fabricantes, importadores, distribuidores e comerciantes de produtos eletroeletrônicos devem estruturar e implementar sistemas de Logística Reversa (LR) mediante retorno dos produtos após o uso pelo consumidor. Apesar de muitas empresas do setor de eletroeletrônicos se preocuparem com a LR de seus produtos, a revisão da literatura indica poucos resultados, evidenciando carência de trabalhos sobre o tema. O artigo analisa o panorama da LR e sua inter-relação com o lixo eletrônico e a tecnologia de identificação de produtos, com propósito de contribuir com a prática da PNRS. Para tanto, foi realizada uma revisão sistemática da literatura envolvendo a Logística Reversa, o Lixo Eletrônico e as Tecnologias de Identificação de Produtos. Por meio de um estudo de caso, Projeto SmartWaste da Hewlett-Packard (HP), pode-se inferir que o Código de Barras e a Identificação por Rádio Frequência (RFID) são tecnologias úteis e viáveis nas práticas de LR para o lixo eletrônico.

In 2010, the legislation regarding the Brazilian Policy of Solid Waste (BPSW) was introduced in Brazil. It is the legal framework for solid waste management that differentiates what is recyclable and from what is not. The BPSW features innovations such as Reverse Logistics (RL) which determines that manufacturers, importers, distributors and retailers must perform the collection of used packaging and products like batteries, light bulbs, electronics, etc. The aim of this paper is to propose a framework that helps indicating which would be, among the National Collective and Clearing House models used in European countries, the most suitable scheme for reverse logistics of Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) according to the Brazilian reality. For this purpose, the paper analyses the existing literature and various relevant practices used in Europe. Moreover, data regarding the Brazilian environmental legislation and the characteristics of each state were used to evaluate the possible use of the European reverse logistics models. The framework helps to define the Brazilian case in three stages and suggests that the most suitable model for Brazil is the National Collective. This decision is urgent since it has been proposed that many European countries should also implement this model instead of the currently employed. Finally, a structured framework is proposed, facilitating the decision-making process to be carried out by various stakeholders such as the Brazilian Federal Government, municipal authorities, industries, recyclers and service providers. In this way, the WEEE management and logistics organization would be easier in the Brazilian territory.