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This article is aimed at any departmental faculty or head of school in charge of conducting curriculum review and presents a holistic approach based on Appreciative Inquiry and recently used by a University Business School in the Southwest of England. As a future-facing or strength-based approach, our Inquiry into Graduate Attributes brought together students, academics, employers, and employment consultants to agree on the most desirable generic attributes of business management graduates 5 years into the future, and to propose changes to course content, assessment, and cocurricular activities in line with these. The Inquiry into Graduate Attributes approach provides a methodological model for integrating the expectations of different stakeholder groups while acknowledging the various ways in which understandings of knowledge and outcomes are related to disciplinary epistemology. For researchers interested in the use of Action Research in the process of curriculum review, this article presents a relatively novel use of an applied Appreciative Inquiry technique, which we hope will initiate a broader conversation around the dynamics and reflective practices of curriculum design.

In light of the prominent role of socio-materiality in contemporary social scientific, and particularly educational research, this article uses two practice-based theories to investigate the experiences of German business management professionals on a U.K.-based DBA delivered in Germany. We specifically take concepts from cultural historical activity theory and actor network theory to explore the evolving relationships between professional and academic identities as revealed in qualitative interviews with individual students and supervising faculty. The discussion underlines the potential of these theories to produce rich understandings of the identity formation of researching professionals. We conclude that professional doctorates should be seen not just as specific forms of advanced professional training but as complex and indeterminate processes. Findings suggest that earning a professional doctorate degree often feels like a journey leading to some form of metacognitive shift from a problem-solving mindset to a more critical appreciation of different ways of knowing.

Collin Simpson: "Die Lusitania". Amerikas Eintritt in den Ersten Weltkrieg. Fischer Taschenbuch Verlag, Frankfurt am Main 1987. 331 S., br., 14,80 DM

Background In the UK, issued prescriptions are typically taken to pharmacies, where medications are prepared, recorded, and dispensed. Data Linkage between prescribing and pharmacy dispensing records is not routinely conducted at the individual prescription level for clinical care in England and Wales, however it can be particularly useful for the study of pharmacoepidemiology. With no unique prescribing event identifiers between records, an algorithmic approach is required for this linkage.
Aims To create a linkage system for primary care prescribed asthma controller medications and pharmacy dispensing records.
Methods Free text labels were used to populate fields for data linkage, relating to medication strength, medication type (active ingredients; allows matching of generic substitutions to named brands), doses per medication unit, prescribed units, and prescribed doses. Prescribing and dispensing records were merged using an inner (many to many) join; generating a candidate link for every combination of records matching on unique patient identifier and medicine. A recursive algorithm was developed and applied, working backwards chronologically through dispensing records and finding the most appropriate match based on the time since prescribing and agreement between the medication description fields. Unmatched records were assessed for quality assurance, and the distribution of linkage strength for matches was examined.
Results We developed a harmonisation algorithm in a dataset of over 3 million asthma controller medication prescription records, for which almost 3 in 4 were coded according to the number of units (predominantly inhalers). Incorporating the estimated number of doses prescribed/dispensed into our wider matching algorithm, we were able to find unique prescription records for almost 95% of our dispensing records.
Conclusion Early findings demonstrate the accuracy of the developed algorithm linking prescribing and dispensing records. This algorithm can easily be generalised to other conditions.

Enthält Rezensionen u.a. von: Blair, David: Robert Mugabe and the struggle for power in Zimbabwe. - London: Continuum International, 2002. - 258 S

Funding: EAVE II is supported by the Medical Research Council (MR/R008345/1) with the support of BREATHE – The Health Data Research Hub for Respiratory Health, which is funded through the UK Research and Innovation Industrial Strategy Challenge Fund [MC_PC_19004] and delivered through Health Data Research UK. Additional support has been provided through Public Health Scotland and Scottish Government DG Health and Social Care, the Data and Connectivity National Core Study, led by Health Data Research UK in partnership with the Office for National Statistics and funded by UK Research and Innovation (grant ref MC_PC_20058;) and the Lifelong Health and Well-being study as part of the National Core Studies (MC_PC_20030). ; The emergence of the B.1.617.2 Delta variant of concern was associated with increasing numbers of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections and COVID-19 hospital admissions. We aim to study national population level SARS-CoV-2 infections and COVID-19 associated hospitalisations by vaccination status to provide insight into the association of vaccination on temporal trends during the time in which the SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant became dominant in Scotland. We used the Scotland-wide Early Pandemic Evaluation and Enhanced Surveillance (EAVE II) platform, covering the period when Delta was pervasive (May 01 to October 23, 2021). We performed a cohort analysis of every vaccine-eligible individual aged 20 or over from across Scotland. We determined the vaccination coverage, SARS-CoV-2 incidence rate and COVID-19 associated hospitalisations incidence rate. We then stratified those rates by age group, vaccination status (defined as "unvaccinated", "partially vaccinated" (1 dose), or "fully vaccinated" (2 doses)), vaccine type (BNT162b2 or ChAdOx1 nCoV-19), and coexisting conditions known to be associated with severe COVID-19 outcomes. During the follow-up of 4 183 022 individuals, there were 407 405 SARS-CoV-2 positive cases with 10 441 (2.6%) associated with a hospital ...