Suchergebnisse

In recent years, erosion of local indigenous biodiversity knowledge has been seen as one of the major global threats to biodiversity. Government and various developmental agencies have been trying to articulate ways of preserving biodiversity and its associated knowledge systems through education and knowledge documentation. Organizing "biodiversity contests" among younger generations of indigenous and local people, and recipe contests of uncommon forest plants and field crops among rural women are two important methods to reduce erosion of indigenous biodiversity knowledge. In view of the importance of such approaches, the National Innovation Foundation (NIF), Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India has been organizing biodiversity knowledge contests and recipe contests from 2003 onwards among Adi tribal members, especially school children and rural women, respectively in selected schools and villages of East Siang district of Arunchal Pradesh. The villages in which to hold recipe contests were selected purposively based on forest cover, ethnicity, remoteness and people"s livelihood dependency on forest resources. Initially, the projects were explained and rapport established with participating schools and villages around the district. Different events including radio talks, public meetings, contact with key individuals, circulation of posters and pamphlets and group discussions were organized. In second phase, individual schools and villages were contacted to set up the biodiversity and recipe contests. We found that school children demonstrated encouraging results by presenting systematic herbaria of local plants, including uses, ecology and source of information. The children from rural backgrounds were found to be more knowledgeable than those from more settled areas, and were able to contribute more than 100 forest and semi-forest plants in their collections. Creation of vertical knowledge networks created by the school children through contest was evolved. These group contests resulted in revealing more knowledge about local biodiversity as compared to individual participation, reflecting synergism. In the case of the recipe contests, Adi women showed a sound knowledge of local biodiversity, presenting as traditional foods more than 50 indigenous forest based plants, many of which are locally uncommon. Significantly, the Gaon Burha (village headman) further helped to diffuse the knowledge network created from this activity. We found that creating a platform on which local knowledge systems can inform, interact with and transform formal knowledge systems in a collaborative and cooperative way, as in these biodiversity contests ultimately can contribute to conserving biodiversity more effectively. ; ICAR

Human rights are grand political philosophy of the modern times which have transcended national boundaries to become aspiration of humankind. Centred upon moral belief propelled on metaphysical moral assumption with its origin in Christianity pity and Enlightment discourse, however, human rights have become a sort of moral imperialism of our time which exclude and include humanity on the basis of coloniality of power. The combination of emotional/moral appeal and lack of conceptual clarity makes human rights immensely effective as a rhetorical tool and serve as a moral apparatus for humanitarian intervention into the third world countries. Both, the just war tradition and those who theorize the ethics of the law of armed conflict have taken moral and political reality of human rights seriously. Taking anti-foundational approach by challenging its main elements such as 'universality' and 'morality' this paper would argue that moral premises of human rights is flawed.

Looks at the appropriateness of development planning and policy for economic transformation in the countries of the Third World and especially India. Argues that the present malaise and disenchantment with planning has resulted from efforts to replicate the contemporary Western economic model with its overemphasis on industrialisation. As a result they have failed to take into account the powerful positive and negative effects of social, cultural, political and other noneconomic variables within their own countries. (GAW)

Abstract
Background
The concentration of silica in occupational conditions is well defined and estimated around the world. Many countries in the world have developed air standards for occupational conditions based on the percent silica in ambient air. This is due to the pulmonary effect caused by silica yielding diseases like silicosis and pneumoconiosis. In India, occupational exposure to silica dust is regulated by Directorate General of Mine Safety (Tech.) (S&T) Circular No. 1 of 2004 Under Reg. 123 of Coal Mines Regulations, 1957 for any metal/non-metal mining operations estimated gravimetrically. As no silica standards are prescribed in India for non-occupational conditions, venturing into such analysis was well envisaged and perceived.

Methodology
Air sampling was done at identified locations through high-volume samplers for 24 h, twice a week in pre-monsoon season (March to June) and the Whatman filter paper was sonicated at sufficient speed to isolate dust particles for energy dispersive X-ray.

Results
The percentage of silica in "PM10" was found lowest in mining sites (15%), and highest in transportation sites (35%) and mid-value for mixed sites (24%). Thus, risk level gets magnified due to addition of finer dust generated in transportation and mixed sites than mining due to diesel driven vehicles. Burning of any fossil fuel generates high percentage of finer dust (< 2.5 µm).

Conclusions
There should be proper prescribed standard for silica for non-occupational conditions.

This book examines India's public policies on cybersecurity and their evolution over the past few decades. It shows how threats and vulnerabilities in the domain have forced nation-states to introduce new policies to protect digital ecosystems. It charts the process of securitisation of cyberspace by the international system from the end of the 20th century to the present day. It also explores how the domain has become of strategic interest for many states and the international bodies which eventually developed norms and policies to secure the domain. Consequently, the book discusses the evolution of cybersecurity policy at global level by great powers, middle powers, and states of concern and compares them with the Indian context. It also highlights the requirement of introducing/improving new cybersecurity guidelines to efficiently deal with emerging technologies such as 5G, Artificial Intelligence (AI), Big Data (BD), Blockchain, Internet of Things (IoT), and cryptocurrency. The book will be of great interest to scholars and researchers of cybersecurity, public policy, politics, and South Asian studies.

"Singh analyses the influence of Xi's "Chinese Dream" on China's foreign relations and security postures. Xi Jinping's rise has led to a paradigm shift in many aspects of China's domestic and international politics. A key element of this has been the ideological vision shorthanded as the "Chinese Dream", combining elements of nationalism, Confucian ideology, and economic expansionism. Singh evaluates the various changes in China's nominally communist ideology in the post-Mao era, with an emphasis on the implications for China's economic and security relations with other countries. He particularly focuses on China's approach to South Asia and the Indian Ocean Region, key elements of China's strategy. An insightful guide to understanding the direction of China's foreign and security policy, and especially its impact on India-China relations"--

Singh analyses the influence of Xi's 'Chinese Dream' on China's foreign relations and security postures. Xi Jinping's rise has led to a paradigm shift in many aspects of China's domestic and international politics. A key element of this has been the ideological vision shorthanded as the 'Chinese Dream', combining elements of nationalism, Confucian ideology, and economic expansionism. Singh evaluates the various changes in China's nominally communist ideology in the post-Mao era, with an emphasis on the implications for China's economic and security relations with other countries. He particularly focusses on China's approach to South Asia and the Indian Ocean Region, key elements of China's strategy. An insightful guide to understanding the direction of China's foreign and security policy, and especially its impact on India-China relations.