Suchergebnisse

The Information Technology Act 2000 is an Act passed by the Indian Parliament in May 2000, which came into force all over India on 9 June 2000 by the Gazette oflndia. The Information Technology Act 2000 has a total of 94 sections divided into 13 chapters. India significantly revised the Information Technology Act 2000 through the Information Technology (Amendment) Act 2008 and this amended Act was implemented in India by the Gazette oflndia on 5 February 2009. Under the Information Technology (Amendment) Act 2008, Section 3 of Chapter 2 replaced the electronic signature with a digital signature. For this, subdivision (HA) was added in Section 2 with subdivision (H), which explains the medium of information. Accordingly, the medium of information can be mobile phone, any kind of personal digital medium or both, through which any kind of written material, video, audio or photographs are promoted,broadcasted or transmitted from one place to another.

Purpose– This study aims to address the need to study salesperson's customer orientation and its effectiveness to explain the efficacy of predispositions and skills at individual level. This study is set in the Indian context and, therefore, offers a detailed insight from an Indian sales force perspective. Also, this study introduces self-leadership into sales literature.Design/methodology/approach– A model was tested using survey data collected from salespeople within a print media company located in India. A structural equation model was used to test the hypotheses.Findings– The results suggest an interesting interplay between salesperson's customer orientation and his/her sales performance. The relationship between customer orientation is fully mediated by salesperson's emotion regulation ability and his/her salesmanship skills. Results support the role of natural rewards strategies as driver of individual level customer orientation which will be of great interest in future research in this area.Research limitations/implications– The research suggests that a salesperson's customer orientation relates positively with sales performance through two process variables – emotion regulation and salesmanship skills. Within an Indian sales force, individual salesperson's customer orientation is significantly influenced by his/her natural rewards strategies which have important implication for sales force recruitment. Moreover, sales training and other interventions targeted toward building salesmanship skills and emotion regulation abilities may actually enhance effectiveness of customer-oriented sales force. Theoretical and managerial applications are also discussed.Originality/value– This study extends the literature through its examination of an Indian sales force, the incorporation of self-leadership construct (natural rewards strategies) and its argument for an alternative approach toward salesperson's customer orientation effectiveness.

The study of the impact of agricultural cooperative credit on agricultural inputs, land improvement, production and marketing of different holding groups is important for the assessment of credit utilisation. If the credit is utilised properly for the purpose for it was sanctioned, its impact that is, flow of benefits to the beneficiaries will help in improving their economic status. Food is a prime necessity of life, is an agricultural product and that the world is still so poor that it must devote a great part of its resources to the production of necessity. The utilisation pattern of loans reflects that only marginal farmers have shown the best results. Therefore, misuse of loans has been negligible in the case of marginal farmers and special schemes should be launched to further meet the financial needs of the marginal farmers. However, in terms of land improvement exceptions have been noticed in terms of larger farmers who make investments on land improvement. The coefficient of correlation between agricultural inputs and level of production reflects that there exists a perfect positive relationship between the two, but it is subject to marginal farmers only. The cooperative marketing societies are functioning under certain constraints which have hindered their growth. The main reasons are storage facilities and lack of local markets. However, of late, the government makes some efforts to locate the market in the local area, which further need to be disseminated to the clusters of two to three villages.

Use of information and communication technology (ICT) is increasing constantly in the world. India is no exception to this link development and today, almost all government and non-government operations increased use of information technology techniques. There are many such schemes undertaken by the government of India under digital india programme which are very beneficial for the citizens. Transparency in government activities are being increased due to these schemes and routine work speeding up. Citizines can take benefits of various government schemes with the use of this digital technology by sitting at home through online mode. Digital locker is the scheme which was started under digital India programme. Indian citizens can store their important documents on the internal in digital form by using this digital locker facility. Citizens need to have aadhar card to avail the facility of digital locker.

SummaryFemale genital cutting (FGC) is widely practised in Kenya. However, its prevalence has declined over the last two decades (38.0% in 1998 KDHS, 32.2% in 2003 KDHS and 27.1% in 2008–09 KDHS), implying changes in behaviours and attitudes of Kenyans towards FGC. This study provides an overview of changing attitudes of women towards FGC in Kenya. An extensive literature review was undertaken and 2008–09 Kenya Demographic and Health Survey data were used to focus on the present scenario. Analyses were based on a national sample of 2284 circumcised women. About 68% of these women wanted to discontinue FGC, and attitudes towards discontinuation were found to vary with women's background characteristics. Surprisingly, 92.5% of circumcised women of the North-Eastern province still wished to continue FGC, and for Muslims the percentage was 72.2%. About 36% of circumcised women responded that their daughters were already circumcised. Only 13% of circumcised mothers intended their daughters to be circumcised in the future. The study shows that the attitude of Kenyan women, irrespective of their circumcision status, has been changing gradually towards the discontinuation of circumcision of their daughters.