Suchergebnisse

The article examines the features of the legal status of child neglect and homelessness, determines the place of this category of persons in society and the state. Child neglect and homelessness are considered as a separate category that needs social and legal protection from the state and charitable organizations, especially during the coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19). Today, the problem of homeless people and homeless children in Ukraine distorts the social environment, destroys the physical, mental and spiritual health of people, reduces their vital, social and creative activity, worsens morale, as well as creates tension in society. The main reasons for this situation were a sharp decline in income and living standards due to the coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19) and structural changes in the economy, unprofitability of many manufacturing enterprises, imperfect financial and credit mechanisms, the sharp increase in existing and hidden unemployment, unpreparedness of training and social institutions, as well as law enforcement agencies to work with such categories of the population in the market conditions. The general principles of social protection of homeless persons and homeless children established by the legislation are determined. It provides legal regulation for relations in society, which are aimed at realization by homeless persons and homeless children of their rights and freedoms provided by the Constitution and legislation of Ukraine. It also creates conditions for public and charitable organizations working in the field of social protection. The conditions and active growth of the number of homeless people and homeless children during quarantine are studied. The author points out the need to comply with the current legislation in the field of social and legal protection of this category of persons, especially during quarantine, as health should be a strategic direction of human life. Thus, the state should protect and help homeless citizens and homeless children according to the Constitution of Ukraine, as a person, his life and health, honor and dignity, inviolability and security are recognized in Ukraine as the highest social value. The maintenance and upbringing of orphans and children deprived of parental care is the responsibility of the state. Keywords: homelessness, child neglect, life circumstances, health care, quarantine, social assistance, social services, orphanhood.

The article examines the features of the historical development of social work in Germany. In the XIX century where the health of German citizens was seen more than a social value. By the middle of the XX century. Anglo-American methods of social work, which are still considered classical, became widespread in Germany. Most schools of social work were founded by the church and gave women a clearly defined mission within ideological and social goals, as women were seen as a natural and traditional embodiment of charity. In the 1970s, there was a rethinking of social work in Germany due to the fact that scientists and practitioners concluded that the use of classical methods of social work was insufficient, as well as the use of therapeutic tools in cases of coverage and solution in were generally seen as insufficient. In the scientific world of Germany there were discussions about the benefits of systemic approaches in social work. Today, the mission of social work is to enable people to maximize their potential, enrich their lives and prevent dysfunction. Professional social work is aimed at protecting people, solving their problems and social transformations in society. The development of social pedagogy as a science and an independent branch of knowledge and practical activity of social work in Germany is studied. Thus, for the successful development of the system of professional training of social workers in social protection of rights in Ukraine, young professionals need to research and use international experience. The introduction of the German experience in the system of professional training of social pedagogues of Ukraine will help meet the needs of the state in highly qualified motivated specialists.