Criminalization is one of the central problems of criminal law policy. Based on the description of the background above, the problems that arise are, first, how is the legal politics regarding criminalization and decriminalization in the Indonesian legal system, and second, how is the regulation of criminalization and decriminalization in the Indonesian legal system in the future. The approach method used in this research is a normative juridical approach. Based on the results of the study, it shows that the criminal law system as a form of political embodiment of criminal law should be formed with the spirit of the 1945 Constitution as a juridical basis. Consequently, the criminal law system must be spelled out concretely in every statutory regulation. Therefore, criminal law must be truly aspirational to the needs of the wider community, both in terms of legal certainty, justice and expediency. However, with the size and punishment guidelines not yet fully regulated, it has the potential to cause criminogenic factors and over-criminalization. In connection with the regulation of criminalization and decriminalization in the legal system in the future, which is with the dynamic nature of the law, where the law must follow developments in society. Therefore, it is necessary to synchronize and harmonize laws and regulations as well as a judicial review mechanism as an effort to decriminalize. Based on this, criminal policy through non-penal efforts should be prioritized.
The Second Principle of Pancasila stating "just and civilized humanity", ensuring that Indonesian people are treated fairly and in a civilized manner despite their status as convicted felon. In addition, in the fifth principle, it is stated that "social justice for all Indonesian people" means that even as a prisoner, they are entitled to get their rights just like normal human life. During the Covid-19 pandemic, the government issued a policy of releasing prisoners through an assimilation program. With this policy, the public is worried that convicts who are released will commit crimes again. Based on this background, the problem is how the concept of assimilation is viewed from the perspective of criminal theory and whether the assimilation policy during the Covid-19 pandemic is in accordance with the concept of assimilation. In analyzing, the normative juridical method using the statue method of approach is used. The types of legal materials used are primary legal materials in the form of related laws and regulations and secondary legal materials in the form of books and scientific articles. Based on the results of the research, it shows that the concept of assimilation viewed from the perspective of integrative theory of sentencing is considered inappropriate because the purpose of punishment is to maintain legal order in society and improve the personality of the perpetrator while still paying attention to human rights (HAM) compared to imprisonment which causes more negative impacts and The assimilation policy during the Covi-19 pandemic was in accordance with the concept of assimilation, namely by fulfilling the requirements and conditions as stipulated in the laws and regulations, but researchers argue that the policy should be accompanied by reconstruction and / or reformulation related to the criminal system through the application of social work criminal sanctions as well as prevention and overcoming of crime through restorative justice. Keywords: Assimilation, Covid-19, Law enforcement. ; Sila Kedua Pancasila berbunyi "kemanusiaan yang adil dan beradab", menjamin bahwa manusia Indonesia diperlakukan secara adil dan beradab meskipun berstatus sebagai narapidana. Selain itu, pada sila kelima, menyebutkan bahwa "keadilan sosial bagi seluruh rakyat Indonesia", berarti meskipun menjadi narapidana berhak untuk mendapatkan hak-haknya layaknya seperti kehidupan manusia secara normal. Di masa pandemi covid 19, pemerintah mengeluarkan kebijakan pembebasan narapidana melalui program asimilasi. Dengan adanya kebijakan tersebut, masyarakat khawatir terhadap narapidana yang dibebaskan akan melakukan kejahatan kembali. Berdasarkan latar belakang tersebut, maka yang menjadi persoalan adalah bagaimana konsep asimilasi ditinjau dari perspektif teori pemidanaan dan apakah kebijakan asimilasi dalam masa pandemi covid 19 sudah sesuai dengan konsep asimilasi. Dalam menganalisis digunakan metode yuridis normatif dengan menggunakan metode statue approach. Jenis bahan hukum yang digunakan adalah bahan hukum primer berupa peraturan perundang-undangan terkait dan bahan hukum sekunder berupa buku dan artikel ilmiah. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konsep asimilasi ditinjau dari perspektif teori pemidanaan integratif dinilai kurang tepat karena tujuan pemidanaan yaitu mempertahankan tata tertib hukum dalam masyarakat dan memperbaiki pribadi pelaku dengan tetap memperhatikan Hak Asasi Manusia (HAM). Kebijakan asimilasi dalam masa pandemi covid 19 telah sesuai dengan konsep asimilasi, yaitu dengan dipenuhinya persyaratan dan ketentuan sebagaimana yang diatur dalam peraturan perundang-undangan, akan tetapi peneliti berpendapat bahwa kebijakan tersebut seharusnya disertai dengan rekonstruksi dan/atau reformulasi terkait sistem pemidanaan melalui penerapan sanksi pidana kerja sosial serta pencegahan dan penanggulangan kejahatan melalui restorative justice. Kata Kunci:Asimilasi, Covid 19, Penegakan Hukum.
