Suchergebnisse

This paper discusses long "hidden" genocidal processes that took place in the Ottoman Empire during World War I. In addition to the Armenians, demographically smaller groups of Christian denominations as well as non-Christian groups such as the Yezidi were targeted by the politics of annihilation. It is nearly impossible to know the number of the victims; about 12,000 Yezidis managed to find refuge in Armenia, where they established a diasporic community in the Soviet realm. Only in the last decade have questions of acknowledgment been brought up; since there are almost no archival sources to prove the persecutions, much of the recollection of these events are stories still upheld in family narratives. Despite politics of silencing during the Soviet era, memories of genocidal persecution were passed down from one generation to the next. Based on ethnographic fieldwork in the Yezidi community in Armenia to collect such family narratives, this article examines the organized character of the persecution of the Yezidis as it occurred a century ago. In these persecutions, the role and position of "the Kurds" is ambiguous, with the Yezidis' own interpretations intermingling with current discourses ranging between affiliation to and separation from the Kurdish ethnicity.

Der Beitrag behandelt die Bedeutung der Diasporen für die kurdischen Herkunftsregionen und deren zunehmende Transnationalisierung. Durch verbesserte Verkehrs- und Kommunika­tionstechnologien haben sich kurdische Identitäten und Zugehörigkeiten in den diasporischen Gemeinschaften in den letzten beiden Jahrzehnten sehr verändert. Die nachfolgenden Gene­rationen haben in der kurdischen Transnation neue Entwürfe von 'Kurdischsein', von 'Heimat' und 'Fremde' - vor dem Hintergrund der Herkunft ihrer Eltern und ihrer eigenen Sozialisation in europäischen Ländern - entwickelt.

WissenschafterInnen, die an Instituten in Wien, in der Türkei, in Großbritannien und den USA tätig sind, bieten eine Einführung in theoretische Ansätze der anthropologischen Migrationsforschung und zeigen deren interdisziplinäre Verflechtungen auf. Themen wie Identitätskonstruktionen, Multikulturalismus, Transnationalismus und Diaspora werden aufbereitet und ausgewählte Anwendungsfelder im Bereich von Bildung, Gesundheit und kulturpolitischer Selbstorganisation eingehend erörtert.
Der Band richtet sich an Studierende der Sozialwissenschaften, insbesondere der Kultur- und Sozialanthropologie, wie auch ExpertInnen, die beruflich in Migrationsfeldern tätig sind.

The article discusses and assesses the theoretical and conceptual approaches to diaspora research presented in this special section. By pursuing multiple forms of comparison, these contributions highlight several weak points inherent in the diaspora concept as it stands and demonstrate potentials for possible elaborations. Specific consideration then is given to the more detailed discussion of questions of power; the dynamics of processes of identification; and the relevance of specific positions inside wider ethnic hierarchies, sociospatial distribution patterns and demographic issues, and, finally, kinship ties and the reproduction of diasporic communities. The argument concludes with the main point that prevailing theoretical approaches in diaspora studies are not sufficient to analyze the communities in question. Instead, those approaches have to be combined with additional input from sociocultural anthropology's theorizing.

1. Intimate interrogations : the literary grammar of communal violence / Christi Merrill -- 2. Oral performers and memory of mass violence : dynamics of collective and individual remembering / Laury Ocen -- 3. Parallel readings : narratives of violence / Eva Kovacs -- 4. Genocide in translation : on memory, remembrance, and politics of the future / Fazil Moradi -- 5. Remembering the poison gas attack on Halabja : questions of representations in the emergence of memory on genocide / Maria Six-Hohenbalken -- 6. Afterlives of genocide : return of human bodies from Berlin to Windhoek, 2011 / Memory Biwa -- 7. Communicating the unthinkable : a psychodynamic perspective / Ivana Macek -- 8. Between Nakba, Shoah, and apartheid : notes on a film from the interstices / Heidi Grunebaum -- 9. The rethinking of remembering : who lays claim to speech in the wake of catastrophe? / Rachmi Diyah Larasati -- 10. Field, forum, and vilified art : recent developments in the representation of mass violence and its remembrance / Ralph Buchenhorst.