Suchergebnisse

Anders als in Deutschland, wo niemals mehr als eine theoretische Diskussion über Kapitalbildungsfonds geführt wurde, wurden Arbeitnehmerfonds in Schweden tatsächlich verwirklicht. Diese Politik basierte auf einem Kompromiss zwischen Gewerkschaftsbewegung LO und Sozialdemokratie (SAF) von 1938. 1982 wurden die Arbeitnehmerfonds beschlossen, 1991 von einer bürgerlichen Regierung wieder aufgelöst. Anknüpfend an Gramsci kann man den Kampf um die Arbeitnehmerfonds als eine Kampf um gesellschaftliche Hegemonie bezeichnen. Vor dem Hintergrund der Fonds-Diskussion der 1960er und 1970er Jahre zeichnet der Verfasser abschließend die aktuelle Diskussion über Kapitalbildung durch Pensionsfonds nach und nimmt dabei auch Bezug auf die Transformation vom Fordismus zum Postfordismus. (ICE2)

The worker's movement in capitalist societies knows two ways to fight for economic democracy: the one aims at participation in decision-making, while maintaining capitalist ownership; the other challenges private ownership itself. The author reflects upon various efforts undertaken in Sweden and Germany to create worker's collective ownership, as a means of winning a higher degree of participation in the decision-making processes.

Die Arbeiterbewegung in den kapitalistischen Gesellschaften kennt zwei Varianten des Kampfes um Wirtschaftsdemokratie. Während die eine auf Mitbestimmung orientiert ist und die kapitalistischen Besitzstrukturen erhalten will, greift die andere das Privateigentum selbst an. Der Verfasser behandelt verschiedene Projekte des Aufbaus von Vermögen in Arbeiterhand in Schweden und Deutschland als ein Mittel zur Steigerung des Einflusses bei Entscheidungsprozessen. (ICEÜbers)

Mumbai and Stockholm are worlds apart in terms of public services, infrastructures and standard of living. However, both cities have known common problems of social exclusion and marginalisation related to neo‐liberal globalisation. Social workers are facing similar challenges regarding collective empowerment as a strategy for community work. This comparative study explored how collective empowerment is undertaken by community workers. The research participants were 13 informants from community‐work organisations in the two settings. Semi‐structured interviews were used and were analysed with the help of Atlas‐ti 6.2 (ATLAS.ti Scientific Software Development GmbH D‐10623 Berlin Germany). Social work in Mumbai is in a context of extreme poverty and mainly within the informal sector, whereas in Stockholm most social work is done in relation to a public welfare model. In Stockholm, interventions are aimed towards strengthening social networks, without direct aim at social change. In Mumbai, community workers organise people for collective empowerment to strengthen marginalised groups and achieve social change.

The disputed endorsement of inherited visceral and universal aesthetic preferences justifies the scientific validity of Alexander's living structure. Apart from implying a resource-efficient way to promote well-being through urban design, the premise favors a collective approach to human self-perception and social justice. To better understand the contributions of Alexander, this article explores current knowledge about visceral and universal aesthetic preferences for living structure and if and how the new kind of city science, a mathematical model describing living structure, can be used for further testing. It also elaborates on the social impact of living structure, including its premise, and the potential of the new kind of city science to support social sustainability. A literature synthesis on living structure, the new kind of city science, and the premise showed a positive link between well-being and exposure to living structure. Limitations in research design nevertheless precluded conclusions about the associated visceral and universal aesthetic preferences. The new kind of city science was found appropriate for further research by holistically representing living structure. Moreover, like the hypothesized biological origin, social learning and sociocultural transmission were found to theoretically support the premise of universality and a collective approach to human identity and social justice, with further societal implications. For the concept of living structure to support social sustainability, it must be coupled with the promotion of empowerment and community mobilization. Hence, the operationalization of the new kind of city science should align with Alexander's call for bottom-up approaches.

Drawing on a Gramscian Regulation Approach and Harvey's accumulation by dispossession thesis, this article discusses the structural and hegemonic mechanisms of the neoliberal transformation of Sweden's welfare sectors. Providing new longitudinal data on welfare retrenchment, corporate governance, wealth shares, and private economic power, the article further analyzes how the transformation of the Swedish post-war universal welfare model is related to class struggle and accumulation regime change in the Swedish economy. Following a decade-long countermobilization of Swedish capital and a severe economic crisis in the early 1990s, neoliberal economic common sense was cemented among social democratic policy elites that manifested itself in an institutionalized austerity polity, leading to a slow but steady dismantling of the Swedish welfare project. Roughly a fifth of employees in the three largest welfare sectors work in private welfare companies that generate tax-financed profits on politically created welfare markets. Welfare profits are in turn defended by a welfare–industrial complex and undergirded by a hegemonic bloc consisting of capital elites and sympathetic policymakers. In the virtual absence of vocal antihegemonic forces, many social democratic leaders have limited criticism against welfare profits throughout the last decades. On the contrary, austerity measures practiced by Swedish social democrats have thereto led to deteriorating social cohesion and spawned distrust among core social democratic voters.

This study used qualitative interviews to explore perceptions of labour market participation in relation to gender norms and parenting ideals among employed Swedish men and women of migrant descent. Using an abductive thematic approach, we demonstrate how the respondents viewed labour market participation from different perspectives. The females saw it as a source of emancipation, whereas the men primarily viewed it as a means of providing for a current/future family. While our respondents depicted themselves as dedicated to social norms of gender equality, they expressed gender-biased views on work and family. The respondents' immigrant heritage also influenced their views on labour market participation, gender and family. Gender inequalities in the parental generation motivated them to arrange their work and family lives differently, and the Swedish social and political context offered them incentives and opportunities to be more gender-equal than their parents. We view and analyse these findings from a life course-perspective, showing how cultural and contextual influences affect respondents' perspectives on work and family arrangements. ; Cette enquête s'appuie sur des entretiens qualitatifs afin d'explorer les liens entre la perception de la participation au marché du travail et les normes de genre et idéaux de parentalité chez les actifs et actives suédois issu.e.s de l'immigration. Mobilisant une approche abductive et thématique, nous démontrons quelles sont les représentations de nos répondant.e.s sur la participation au marché du travail selon différentes perspectives. Tandis que les femmes y voyaient une source d'émancipation, les hommes la considéraient avant tout comme un moyen de provenir à leur famille, présente ou à venir. Alors que nos enquêté.e.s se décrivaient comme engagé.e.s en faveur des normes d'égalité de genre, ils et elles ont exprimé des visions genré.e.s sur le travail et la famille. Leur héritage lié à l'immigration a aussi influencé leurs représentations de la participation au marché du travail, du genre et de la famille. Les inégalités de genre caractérisant la génération de leurs parents les ont poussé.e.s à organiser leurs vies professionnelles et de famille différemment et le contexte social et politique suédois leur a offert des incitations et des opportunités pour réaliser une plus grande égalité de genre que leurs parents. Nous étudions et analysons ces résultats à partir d'une perspective sur de cycle de vie, en montrant comment les influences culturelles et contextuelles affectent les représentations des répondant.e.s sur le travail et la vie de famille.

This study used qualitative interviews to explore perceptions of labour market participation in relation to gender norms and parenting ideals among employed Swedish men and women of migrant descent. Using an abductive thematic approach, we demonstrate how the respondents viewed labour market participation from different perspectives. The females saw it as a source of emancipation, whereas the men primarily viewed it as a means of providing for a current/future family. While our respondents depicted themselves as dedicated to social norms of gender equality, they expressed gender-biased views on work and family. The respondents' immigrant heritage also influenced their views on labour market participation, gender and family. Gender inequalities in the parental generation motivated them to arrange their work and family lives differently, and the Swedish social and political context offered them incentives and opportunities to be more gender-equal than their parents. We view and analyse these findings from a life course-perspective, showing how cultural and contextual influences affect respondents' perspectives on work and family arrangements.