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Peacefull settlement of disputes by the United Nations and other intergovernment bodies
In: Notat paper / Norsk Utenrikspolitisk Institutt, 350
World Affairs Online
The UN Secretary-General and the Mediation of International Disputes
In: Journal of peace research, Band 28, Heft 2, S. 99, 117
ISSN: 0022-3433
The UN-Secretary-General and the mediation of international disputes
In: Journal of peace research, Band 28, Heft 1, S. 99-115
ISSN: 0022-3433
World Affairs Online
FNs kollektive sikkerhetssystem etter Den kalde krigen (The United Nations System of Collective Security after the Cold War)
In: Internasjonal politikk, Band 49, Heft 1, S. 33
ISSN: 0020-577X
United Nations Peacekeeping and the Facilitation of Withdrawals
In: Bulletin of peace proposals: to motivate research, to inspire future oriented thinking, to promote activities for peace, Band 20, Heft 3, S. 253-264
ISSN: 2516-9181
Peaceful settlement of disputes by the United Nations and other intergovernmental bodies
In: Cooperation and conflict: journal of the Nordic International Studies Association, Band 21, Heft 3, S. 139-154
ISSN: 0010-8367
World Affairs Online
Bertil Duner: Military Intervention in Civil Wars: The 1970s
In: Cooperation and conflict: journal of the Nordic International Studies Association, Band 21, Heft 2, S. 133
ISSN: 0010-8367
UNIFIL: Forutsetninger, vanskeligheter og resultater (UNIFIL: Conditions, Problems, and Results)
In: Internasjonal politikk, Heft 2-3, S. 253
ISSN: 0020-577X
The Challenge before the Churches
In: Bulletin of peace proposals: to motivate research, to inspire future oriented thinking, to promote activities for peace, Band 15, Heft 3, S. 193-196
ISSN: 2516-9181
Militarism, its Dimensions and Corollaries: An Attempt at Conceptual Clarification
In: Journal of peace research, Band 16, Heft 3, S. 213-229
ISSN: 1460-3578
The term militarism is used extensively for both analytical and propagandistic purposes, serving as a label for a many different phenomena. In the Western, liberal tradition, most authors emphasize the notion of excess (military spending, warfare, etc.), while in the Marxist tradition, militarism is seen as linked to imperialism and monopoly capitalism. Borrowing ideas from both traditions, we suggest that a discussion of militarism can be organized along three dimensions: (1) the behavioral, (2) the attitudinal or ideological, and (3) the structural. It is convenient to subdivide the latter into national structure and inter national structure. Under each of these headings a number of indicators of militarism are discussed. The dimensions are correlated, but correlations are generally weak. More research is needed to determine more exactly the relationship between, for instance, the growth of a military-industrial complex and the application of violence in foreign policy. Historical cases of militarism vary considerably from one another. Therefore the term militarism should not be exclusively linked to a specific phenomenon, but should serve as a name for a series of related phenomena.
Militarism, its dimensions and corollaries: An attempt at conceptual clarification
In: Journal of peace research, Band 16, Heft 3, S. 213-229
ISSN: 0022-3433
World Affairs Online
The Growth of International Nongovernmental Organization in the Twentieth Century
In: International organization, Band 25, Heft 3, S. 420-442
ISSN: 1531-5088
Transnational interactions have been defined as "the movement of tangible or intangible items across state boundaries when at least one actor is not an agent of a government or an intergovernmental organization." Correspondingly, transnational organizations can be defined as transnational interactions institutionalized. There may be several reasons why participants in transnational interactions may find it convenient to found a permanent organization and to endow it with a certain amount of authority to coordinate their interaction. First of all, the intensity of a particular kind of interaction may rise to such a level that more personnel and other resources are needed to regulate and facilitate the process. The most economical way of responding to this need may be to establish a joint secretariat. Second, although the intensity of exchanges between each pair of interacting entities may be constant, the number of participants may increase. This process results in a problem of coordination and the need for a coordinating agent in the form of, for example, an international body. To put it slightly differently, institutionalization tends to follow multilateralization. Third, although neither of the above conditions may dbtain, an organization may be founded to achieve fast action in emergencies requiring joint operation. Finally, an organization, and in particular its officers, may serve as mediator and arbitrator in situations of conflict and competition between interacting members. Such activities are, for example, promoted by the Inter-American Commercial Arbitration Commission.
United Nations peacekeeping and the facilitation of withdrawals
In: Bulletin of peace proposals: to motivate research, to inspire future oriented thinking, to promote activities for peace, Band 20, S. 253-264
ISSN: 0007-5035
World Affairs Online