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International audience ; This article examines the development, activities and effectiveness of women's NGOs in 10 Central and Eastern European countries. It begins by examining the establishment of women's organizations post-1989, identifying their structure, funding difficulties and the issues on which they focus. It also addresses the tension between the work of NGOs and the wider development of civil society. The article goes on to explore how negative perceptions of feminism have hindered efforts to develop a unified and coherent agenda among women's NGOs. Finally, it analyses how public attitudes have affected relations between women's organizations and women politicians as well as how competition and fragmentation have complicated relationships between NGOs.

This article examines the development, activities and effectiveness of women's NGOs in 10 Central and Eastern European countries. It begins by examining the establishment of women's organizations post-1989, identifying their structure, funding difficulties and the issues on which they focus. It also addresses the tension between the work of NGOs and the wider development of civil society. The article goes on to explore how negative perceptions of feminism have hindered efforts to develop a unified and coherent agenda among women's NGOs. Finally, it analyses how public attitudes have affected relations between women's organizations and women politicians as well as how competition and fragmentation have complicated relationships between NGOs.

The European Commission's White Paper on Governance initiated a Europe-wide debate about the principles and practices of good policymaking. This article, which draws from the author's work with the team that prepared the White Paper, provides a first-hand examination of how the document was produced. Following a discussion about the meaning of governance, the article focuses on the timeline of events, the consultation procedures, and some of the challenges (linguistic, practical, and political) that arose. It concludes by placing the governance debate in the context of the ongoing European Convention and 2004 IGC.

This article examines the conceptual framework of multilevel governance by analyzing how political elites understand its meaning in practice, drawing on the new Scottish Parliament & its relationship with the European Union as a case study. The research examines elites' assessment of domestic & European channels of influence, considering the likely effect of the Scottish Executive on UK & EU policy outcomes. Given the weaknesses in new institutionalism & multilevel governance, the article uses an actor-centered approach to analyze interviews with members of civil society, government officials, & politicians that were conducted during the key months preceding the first elections to the Scottish Parliament. It concludes that devolution is unlikely to affect significantly Scottish involvement in EU policymaking, though it provides an opportunity to change the domestic legislative process in accordance with new forms of governance. 1 Table, 85 References. Adapted from the source document.