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Intro -- Half Title -- Title -- Copyright -- Contents -- List of Figures and Tables -- Preface -- Introduction -- 1. Conducting Cyber Effect Operations: Definitions and Data -- 2. Mind the Gap: Trends in Cyber Policy and Activity -- 3. Not a Level Playing Field -- 4. A Typology of Cyber Actors -- 5. The Elements of an Offensive Cyber Capability -- 6. The Effect of Experience -- 7. Intentional Interstate Capability Transfers -- 8. Unintentional Interstate Capability Transfers -- 9. The Role of Non-State Actors -- Conclusion -- Acknowledgements -- Notes -- Selected Bibliography -- Index -- Back Cover.

"The idea of "cyber war" has played a dominant role both in academic and popular discourses concerning the nature of statecraft and conflict in the cyber domain. However, this lens of war and its expectations for death and destruction may distort rather than help clarify the nature of cyber competition. Are cyber activities actually more like an intelligence contest, where both states and nonstate actors grapple for advantage below the threshold of war? This book debates that question. The contributors unpack the conceptual and theoretical logics of the framing of cyber competition as an intelligence contest, particularly in the areas of information theft and manipulation. Taken as a whole, the chapters give rise to a unique dialogue, illustrating areas of agreement and disagreement among leading experts, and placing all of it in conversation with the larger fields of international relations and intelligence studies"--