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Patriotism as a phenomenon is not new and it has manifested itself in various ways. The roots of contemporary Lithuanian patriotism go back to the middle of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century. The available data from that period do not allow making any specific conclusions but it can be seen that the word patriotism was a relatively new in the beginning of the 20th c. Patriotism was best understood in the interim period between the two world wars, when an attitude started to form that own nation should not only be elevated distinguishing it from others but it is also something everybody has to be proud of. After Lithuania was incorporated into the Soviet Union, a new concept, i. e. soviet patriotism, emerged. This idea is based on internationalism, commitment to socialist order and solidarity of soviet nations. The attitude of a present-day Lithuanian to patriotism is reflected best in contemporary discourse. The issues of love for Homeland have been frequently discussed not only by political analysts or historians but also by representatives of arts and sports. Moreover, the media have frequently discussed issues, which are not characteristic of real patriotisms or even have raised some doubts about patriotism being an exaggerated phenomenon. However, comprehensive research studies on patriotism are few. The concept of patriotism has almost escaped the research focus of linguists. Therefore, an attempt will be made to bridge the gap in linguistic research analysing the data available in dictionaries, discourses and surveys. It can be stated that a contemporary individual tends to nurture the same values as people in the interim period. These embraces work for the sake of homeland and nation, concern about its future and welfare, nurturance of homeland and the mother tongue, culture and history. Loyalty, gratefulness, nostalgia to homeland, attachment to the land of their birth, honesty, courage, freedom, responsibility and pride are assigned to patriotism. Patriotism implies defence of own country in the hour of peril. This is particularly emphasised in the historical discourse, where defence of own country is one of the prevailing motives, and in the surveys of students. Contemporary discourse allocates less attention to this issue. Patriotism is related to acknowledgement of the country's mistakes, promoting its name and celebration of public holidays. Patriotism can hardly be imagined without knowledge of the national history, culture, its heroes and prominent figures. The data from both discourses and surveys allow claiming that patriotism is perceived as a feeling or feelings, an inner state or a value. In fact, it can be stated that though patriotism is not an old concept, which replaced such concepts as ethnicity and love for homeland, the view of patriotism, which formed at the end of the 19th c. and in the beginning of the 20th c., has remained the same up to now. ; Straipsnyje pristatomas žvalgomasis patriotizmo tyrimas, galintis būti koncepto PATRIOTIZMAS pagrindu. Patriotizmo ištakų reikėtų ieškoti XIX a. viduryje ir XX a. pradžioje, kai patriotizmas pradėtas vartoti vietoj tautiškumo ir tėvynės meilės. Geriausiai patriotizmas buvo suvoktas tarpukariu, kai formavosi požiūris, kad savąją tautą ne tik reikia aukštinti išskiriant iš kitų, tačiau ja privalu ir didžiuotis. Lietuvai patekus į Sovietų Sąjungos sudėtį atsiranda nauja patriotizmo samprata – tarybinis patriotizmas. Atgavus nepriklausomybę sovietinis suvokimas buvo atmestas ir grįžta prie tarpukario suvokimo. Šiandieninis lietuvio požiūris į patriotizmą bene ryškiausiai atspindimas dabartinėje žiniasklaidoje, nors mokslinių tyrimų šia tema trūksta.

Patriotism as a phenomenon is not new and it has manifested itself in various ways. The roots of contemporary Lithuanian patriotism go back to the middle of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century. The available data from that period do not allow making any specific conclusions but it can be seen that the word patriotism was a relatively new in the beginning of the 20th c. Patriotism was best understood in the interim period between the two world wars, when an attitude started to form that own nation should not only be elevated distinguishing it from others but it is also something everybody has to be proud of. After Lithuania was incorporated into the Soviet Union, a new concept, i. e. soviet patriotism, emerged. This idea is based on internationalism, commitment to socialist order and solidarity of soviet nations. The attitude of a present-day Lithuanian to patriotism is reflected best in contemporary discourse. The issues of love for Homeland have been frequently discussed not only by political analysts or historians but also by representatives of arts and sports. Moreover, the media have frequently discussed issues, which are not characteristic of real patriotisms or even have raised some doubts about patriotism being an exaggerated phenomenon. However, comprehensive research studies on patriotism are few. The concept of patriotism has almost escaped the research focus of linguists. Therefore, an attempt will be made to bridge the gap in linguistic research analysing the data available in dictionaries, discourses and surveys. It can be stated that a contemporary individual tends to nurture the same values as people in the interim period. These embraces work for the sake of homeland and nation, concern about its future and welfare, nurturance of homeland and the mother tongue, culture and history. Loyalty, gratefulness, nostalgia to homeland, attachment to the land of their birth, honesty, courage, freedom, responsibility and pride are assigned to patriotism. Patriotism implies defence of own country in the hour of peril. This is particularly emphasised in the historical discourse, where defence of own country is one of the prevailing motives, and in the surveys of students. Contemporary discourse allocates less attention to this issue. Patriotism is related to acknowledgement of the country's mistakes, promoting its name and celebration of public holidays. Patriotism can hardly be imagined without knowledge of the national history, culture, its heroes and prominent figures. The data from both discourses and surveys allow claiming that patriotism is perceived as a feeling or feelings, an inner state or a value. In fact, it can be stated that though patriotism is not an old concept, which replaced such concepts as ethnicity and love for homeland, the view of patriotism, which formed at the end of the 19th c. and in the beginning of the 20th c., has remained the same up to now.

Patriotism as a phenomenon is not new and it has manifested itself in various ways. The roots of contemporary Lithuanian patriotism go back to the middle of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century. The available data from that period do not allow making any specific conclusions but it can be seen that the word patriotism was a relatively new in the beginning of the 20th c. Patriotism was best understood in the interim period between the two world wars, when an attitude started to form that own nation should not only be elevated distinguishing it from others but it is also something everybody has to be proud of. After Lithuania was incorporated into the Soviet Union, a new concept, i. e. soviet patriotism, emerged. This idea is based on internationalism, commitment to socialist order and solidarity of soviet nations. The attitude of a present-day Lithuanian to patriotism is reflected best in contemporary discourse. The issues of love for Homeland have been frequently discussed not only by political analysts or historians but also by representatives of arts and sports. Moreover, the media have frequently discussed issues, which are not characteristic of real patriotisms or even have raised some doubts about patriotism being an exaggerated phenomenon. However, comprehensive research studies on patriotism are few. The concept of patriotism has almost escaped the research focus of linguists. Therefore, an attempt will be made to bridge the gap in linguistic research analysing the data available in dictionaries, discourses and surveys. It can be stated that a contemporary individual tends to nurture the same values as people in the interim period. These embraces work for the sake of homeland and nation, concern about its future and welfare, nurturance of homeland and the mother tongue, culture and history. Loyalty, gratefulness, nostalgia to homeland, attachment to the land of their birth, honesty, courage, freedom, responsibility and pride are assigned to patriotism. Patriotism implies defence of own country in the hour of peril. This is particularly emphasised in the historical discourse, where defence of own country is one of the prevailing motives, and in the surveys of students. Contemporary discourse allocates less attention to this issue. Patriotism is related to acknowledgement of the country's mistakes, promoting its name and celebration of public holidays. Patriotism can hardly be imagined without knowledge of the national history, culture, its heroes and prominent figures. The data from both discourses and surveys allow claiming that patriotism is perceived as a feeling or feelings, an inner state or a value. In fact, it can be stated that though patriotism is not an old concept, which replaced such concepts as ethnicity and love for homeland, the view of patriotism, which formed at the end of the 19th c. and in the beginning of the 20th c., has remained the same up to now.

Patriotism as a phenomenon is not new and it has manifested itself in various ways. The roots of contemporary Lithuanian patriotism go back to the middle of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century. The available data from that period do not allow making any specific conclusions but it can be seen that the word patriotism was a relatively new in the beginning of the 20th c. Patriotism was best understood in the interim period between the two world wars, when an attitude started to form that own nation should not only be elevated distinguishing it from others but it is also something everybody has to be proud of. After Lithuania was incorporated into the Soviet Union, a new concept, i. e. soviet patriotism, emerged. This idea is based on internationalism, commitment to socialist order and solidarity of soviet nations. The attitude of a present-day Lithuanian to patriotism is reflected best in contemporary discourse. The issues of love for Homeland have been frequently discussed not only by political analysts or historians but also by representatives of arts and sports. Moreover, the media have frequently discussed issues, which are not characteristic of real patriotisms or even have raised some doubts about patriotism being an exaggerated phenomenon. However, comprehensive research studies on patriotism are few. The concept of patriotism has almost escaped the research focus of linguists. Therefore, an attempt will be made to bridge the gap in linguistic research analysing the data available in dictionaries, discourses and surveys. It can be stated that a contemporary individual tends to nurture the same values as people in the interim period. These embraces work for the sake of homeland and nation, concern about its future and welfare, nurturance of homeland and the mother tongue, culture and history. Loyalty, gratefulness, nostalgia to homeland, attachment to the land of their birth, honesty, courage, freedom, responsibility and pride are assigned to patriotism. Patriotism implies defence of own country in the hour of peril. This is particularly emphasised in the historical discourse, where defence of own country is one of the prevailing motives, and in the surveys of students. Contemporary discourse allocates less attention to this issue. Patriotism is related to acknowledgement of the country's mistakes, promoting its name and celebration of public holidays. Patriotism can hardly be imagined without knowledge of the national history, culture, its heroes and prominent figures. The data from both discourses and surveys allow claiming that patriotism is perceived as a feeling or feelings, an inner state or a value. In fact, it can be stated that though patriotism is not an old concept, which replaced such concepts as ethnicity and love for homeland, the view of patriotism, which formed at the end of the 19th c. and in the beginning of the 20th c., has remained the same up to now.

Patriotism as a phenomenon is not new and it has manifested itself in various ways. The roots of contemporary Lithuanian patriotism go back to the middle of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century. The available data from that period do not allow making any specific conclusions but it can be seen that the word patriotism was a relatively new in the beginning of the 20th c. Patriotism was best understood in the interim period between the two world wars, when an attitude started to form that own nation should not only be elevated distinguishing it from others but it is also something everybody has to be proud of. After Lithuania was incorporated into the Soviet Union, a new concept, i. e. soviet patriotism, emerged. This idea is based on internationalism, commitment to socialist order and solidarity of soviet nations. The attitude of a present-day Lithuanian to patriotism is reflected best in contemporary discourse. The issues of love for Homeland have been frequently discussed not only by political analysts or historians but also by representatives of arts and sports. Moreover, the media have frequently discussed issues, which are not characteristic of real patriotisms or even have raised some doubts about patriotism being an exaggerated phenomenon. However, comprehensive research studies on patriotism are few. The concept of patriotism has almost escaped the research focus of linguists. Therefore, an attempt will be made to bridge the gap in linguistic research analysing the data available in dictionaries, discourses and surveys. It can be stated that a contemporary individual tends to nurture the same values as people in the interim period. These embraces work for the sake of homeland and nation, concern about its future and welfare, nurturance of homeland and the mother tongue, culture and history. Loyalty, gratefulness, nostalgia to homeland, attachment to the land of their birth, honesty, courage, freedom, responsibility and pride are assigned to patriotism. Patriotism implies defence of own country in the hour of peril. This is particularly emphasised in the historical discourse, where defence of own country is one of the prevailing motives, and in the surveys of students. Contemporary discourse allocates less attention to this issue. Patriotism is related to acknowledgement of the country's mistakes, promoting its name and celebration of public holidays. Patriotism can hardly be imagined without knowledge of the national history, culture, its heroes and prominent figures. The data from both discourses and surveys allow claiming that patriotism is perceived as a feeling or feelings, an inner state or a value. In fact, it can be stated that though patriotism is not an old concept, which replaced such concepts as ethnicity and love for homeland, the view of patriotism, which formed at the end of the 19th c. and in the beginning of the 20th c., has remained the same up to now.

Straipsnyje kognityvinės definicijos metodu atliekama EUROPOS koncepto analizė. Iš jos išryškėja, kas lietuviams yra Europa, su kuo ji asocijuojasi, kokia galima žodžio "Europa" kognityvinė definicija. Ji formuluojama iš šiandienio jaunimo apklausose pateiktų minčių apie Europą ir atskirų diskursų analizės, išryškėjusių semų bendrybių ir skirtumų.

This article applies the methodology developed by the Ethnolinguistic School of Lublin to analyse how the concept LANGUAGE (Lith. KALBA) is understood by young people in Lithuania and how its understanding changes when a person lives far away from their homeland. A comparison of replies from the two groups indi- cates that the social aspect has the most weight in both of them, as the difference in the percentage of mentions of this aspect was quite small. Lithuanians living abroad tend to stress the cultural and the psychosocial aspects much more; they find the connection with other Lithuanians very important. The survey of young people in Lithuania reveals a more distinct ideological aspect of LANGUAGE, and the historical and political aspects, even though they occur rarely, are still present, while the replies from the respondents living abroad lack the latter two. However, the survey of Lithuanian emigrants has uncovered a locative aspect, which is not present among the respondents living in the country. Young people in Lithuania have a somewhat broader understanding of the concept: when they think about language, they are already beginning to look for other possibilities of linguistic ex- pression, noting that language is more than just sounds or words, but also includes gestures; they also mention programming languages.

The understanding of the concept LANGUAGE among young people in Lithuania and Lithuanians living abroadThis article applies the methodology developed by the Ethnolinguistic School of Lublin to analyse how the concept LANGUAGE (Lith. KALBA) is understood by young people in Lithuania and how its understanding changes when a person lives far away from their homeland. A comparison of replies from the two groups indicates that the social aspect has the most weight in both of them, as the difference in the percentage of mentions of this aspect was quite small. Lithuanians living abroad tend to stress the cultural and the psychosocial aspects much more; they find the connection with other Lithuanians very important. The survey of young people in Lithuania reveals a more distinct ideological aspect of LANGUAGE, and the historical and political aspects, even though they occur rarely, are still present, while the replies from the respondents living abroad lack the latter two. However, the survey of Lithuanian emigrants has uncovered a locative aspect, which is not present among the respondents living in the country. Young people in Lithuania have a somewhat broader understanding of the concept: when they think about language, they are already beginning to look for other possibilities of linguistic expression, noting that language is more than just sounds or words, but also includes gestures; they also mention programming languages. Rozumienie pojęcia JĘZYK wśród litewskiej młodzieży i Litwinów za granicąNiniejszy artykuł, oparty na metodologii lubelskiej szkoły etnolingwistycznej, ukazuje, jak pojęcie JĘZYK (lit. KALBA) jest rozumiane przez współczesnych młodych mieszkańców Litwy i jak zmienia się jego konceptualizacja, gdy osoby przebywają przez dłuższy czas z dala od ojczyzny. Porównanie odpowiedzi obu grup respondentów uwidoczniło, że badani najliczniej przypisują językowi aspekt społeczny i różnica procentowa w wyborze tego kryterium w obu grupach nie jest duża. Emigranci litewscy mocniej natomiast wyróżniają aspekt kulturowy i psychospołeczny języka, dla nich relacje z innymi Litwinami są bardzo ważne. W odpowiedziach studentów mieszkających na Litwie często występuje aspekt ideologiczny języka, rzadziej – historyczny i polityczny, a w odpowiedziach emigrantów takich aspektów nie ma, chociaż można tu z kolei wyróżnić aspekt lokatywny, który nie zaznaczył się w ankietach respondentów z Litwy. Młodzież z Litwy język rozumie nieco szerzej: stara się szukać innych możliwości ekspresji językowej, uważa, że pojęcie JĘZYK obejmuje nie tylko dźwięki lub słowa, ale i gesty, a nawet języki programowania.

This article applies the methodology developed by the Ethnolinguistic School of Lublin to analyse how the concept LANGUAGE (Lith. KALBA) is understood by young people in Lithuania and how its understanding changes when a person lives far away from their homeland. A comparison of replies from the two groups indi- cates that the social aspect has the most weight in both of them, as the difference in the percentage of mentions of this aspect was quite small. Lithuanians living abroad tend to stress the cultural and the psychosocial aspects much more; they find the connection with other Lithuanians very important. The survey of young people in Lithuania reveals a more distinct ideological aspect of LANGUAGE, and the historical and political aspects, even though they occur rarely, are still present, while the replies from the respondents living abroad lack the latter two. However, the survey of Lithuanian emigrants has uncovered a locative aspect, which is not present among the respondents living in the country. Young people in Lithuania have a somewhat broader understanding of the concept: when they think about language, they are already beginning to look for other possibilities of linguistic ex- pression, noting that language is more than just sounds or words, but also includes gestures; they also mention programming languages.

This article applies the methodology developed by the Ethnolinguistic School of Lublin to analyse how the concept LANGUAGE (Lith. KALBA) is understood by young people in Lithuania and how its understanding changes when a person lives far away from their homeland. A comparison of replies from the two groups indi- cates that the social aspect has the most weight in both of them, as the difference in the percentage of mentions of this aspect was quite small. Lithuanians living abroad tend to stress the cultural and the psychosocial aspects much more; they find the connection with other Lithuanians very important. The survey of young people in Lithuania reveals a more distinct ideological aspect of LANGUAGE, and the historical and political aspects, even though they occur rarely, are still present, while the replies from the respondents living abroad lack the latter two. However, the survey of Lithuanian emigrants has uncovered a locative aspect, which is not present among the respondents living in the country. Young people in Lithuania have a somewhat broader understanding of the concept: when they think about language, they are already beginning to look for other possibilities of linguistic ex- pression, noting that language is more than just sounds or words, but also includes gestures; they also mention programming languages.

This article applies the methodology developed by the Ethnolinguistic School of Lublin to analyse how the concept LANGUAGE (Lith. KALBA) is understood by young people in Lithuania and how its understanding changes when a person lives far away from their homeland. A comparison of replies from the two groups indi- cates that the social aspect has the most weight in both of them, as the difference in the percentage of mentions of this aspect was quite small. Lithuanians living abroad tend to stress the cultural and the psychosocial aspects much more; they find the connection with other Lithuanians very important. The survey of young people in Lithuania reveals a more distinct ideological aspect of LANGUAGE, and the historical and political aspects, even though they occur rarely, are still present, while the replies from the respondents living abroad lack the latter two. However, the survey of Lithuanian emigrants has uncovered a locative aspect, which is not present among the respondents living in the country. Young people in Lithuania have a somewhat broader understanding of the concept: when they think about language, they are already beginning to look for other possibilities of linguistic ex- pression, noting that language is more than just sounds or words, but also includes gestures; they also mention programming languages.