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Despite that in scientific literature the importance of influence of external environmental factors on the strategy of export pricing is often being declared, however, a comprehensive analysis, which consolidates identification of the most significant factors, evaluation of their effect and aspects of formation of the strategy of export pricing that allows to increase the quality and effectiveness of decisions made in respect of pricing, is missing. In the article the environment of the strategy of export pricing, which is generally defined as a uniform entirety of forces affecting the decisions on price, where the effect of factors producing direct and indirect influence intertwine, is analyzed. The most significant macro environmental factors and the factors of industrial market environment have been determined and their effect on the formation of the strategy of export pricing has been examined. ; Kainodaros problemos tiek vietinėje, tiek eksporto rinkoje panašios – nustatyti naujos prekės kainą, keisti ją, atsižvelgiant į konkurentų veiksmus ir kt., – tačiau eksporto kainodaros klausimus apsunkina papildomi aplinkos veiksniai, tokie kaip vyriausybės poveikis (pvz., muitų politika), vartotojų tarp rinkų elgsenos skirtumai, skirtingos valiutos, jų kursų svyravimai, eksporto kainos nustatymą komplikuojantys kultūriniai, teisiniai ir instituciniai barjerai. Be to, įmonė negali (arba tik labai nežymiai) paveikti ir keisti tokių užsienio rinkos veiksnių, kaip politika, įstatymai, technologijų lygis, tačiau, nepaisant to, privalo juos pripažinti ir prie jų prisiderinti taip, kad pasiektų norimą galutinį rezultatą. Tai sąlygoja šių papildomų aspektų bei galimos jų įtakos konkretiems eksporto kainodaros sprendimams vertinimo būtinybę. Remiantis atliktomis mokslinės literatūros studijomis, straipsnyje išskirti svarbiausi eksporto kainodaros strategijos formavimui poveikį turintys makroaplinkos ir pramonės rinkos aplinkos veiksniai. Plačiau aptariamas eksporto rinkos konkurencijos intensyvumo, paklausos, valiutų kursų ...

The issue of trade credit risk evaluation, from an exporter's point of view is analysed in the article, i.e. sources and evaluation possibilities of the risk. Assessing exporter-provided trade credit risk, it is essential for the exporter to identify to which obligor it is rather safe to provide trade credit (negligible or moderate default probability) and which obligor has large probability to default. Credit risk evaluation for exporting companies is more complicated than for firms trading with local partners only, because of the following reasons: firstly, customer is located in another country and therefore it is more complicated to get information about customer's reliability. Secondly, there are more factors influencing exporter's credit risk as the credit risk is influenced by foreign country's political situation, economic stability, etc. Exporter experiences the largest impact and, therefore, losses in the case of customer's (obligor's) default, since the creditor (exporter) has a scarce probability to get the money back. Therefore one of the main factors evaluating trade credit risk is obligor's default risk assessment. As the obligor and creditor are from different countries, the credit risk arises both from the obligor's intentions and financial situation (internal risk factors) and from obligor's business environment in his country (external risk factors). Internal factors of obligor default involve activity, competence, reaction to environment changes and moral attitudes towards exporter of company's management and employees. Dishonest intentions, however, cannot be expressed mathematically, therefore this aspect of the risk is not analysed in the article. External factors of international trade credit risk involve economic and political risk. Complex gathering and analysis of information about foreign country political and economic stability (country risk) is time and money intensive. Country risk can be evaluated by means of sovereign credit ratings provided by world-known credit rating agencies. ...