Suchergebnisse

The article focuses on the problem of necessity in the social sphere. The concept of necessity is, first, introduced as a derivative of cause-and-effect and logical relations. Then the author emhisezes the peculiarity of the sphere of social interactions which consists of the fact that social reality is constituted by language and can therefore be considered as a discursive universe. Due to this peculiarity, the necessity in the sphere of social relations has not a causal but a quasi-causal character. The latter means that the relationship between individual phenomena has the character of "events" that are formed in a certain narrative context. Here, reality loses the role of the ground for events and performs only the function of reference. In this case, necessity functions as the attribution of the role of cause to certain events. To demonstrate how these theoretical positions work in practice, the author considers the political doctrine of K. P. Pobedonostsev (1827–1907), a jurist, lawyer and prominent political figure of his time, who shares the views of Russian conservative nationalists. This analysis allows us to confirm the hypothesis that there is always a gap between political action and real processes. From this, in turn, it follows that the necessity of political actions is caused not by the logic of the mere fact but by the logic of the interpretation of the facts within the framework of a certain political program. After that, the author argues that, in the field of social, two scenarios for justifying necessity are possible — mythical and argumentative. He analyzes and compares these two types of scenarios as well as the ideas of necessity formed within them. The last part of the work examines the concept of fate as a subjective side of the question of necessity. The author also argues that the place of unfolding fate is a discursive universe. From this, it follows that fate is intertwined with events that are quasi-causal; therefore it has a probabilistic character. Thus, the connection between ...

The Editorial Board asked scholars specializing in social and human sciences two questions regarding jointness – the focus of the journal Koinon. We were in particular seeking their views on, firstly, the state of being-in-common of human existence in the present-day world and the most urgent problems that complicate the collectivity and cohesion of human communities today. Secondly, we wanted to know their opinion on the significance of the concept and the problem of jointness in their research field. The editorial board received answers that differed not only in subject-field specifics but also in methodological approaches and even individual psychological colouring, emotional tone. Prominent representatives of various social and human sciences (philosophers -historians of philosophy and philosophers of culture, anthropologists, ethnologists, political scientists, historians, and psychologists) responded to the questions raised by the editorial board. All the respondents noted the importance of jointness for their professional work. At the same time, each respondent outlined his/her vision of the issue, which resulted in a mosaic – of course, incomplete, unfinished, but very revealing and interesting – of many problems that people face in the process of living together, from which an image of the dramatic common life of modern humanity with its contradictions, difficulties, but also eternal aspirations of social harmony and fruitful cooperation of people, social groups, ethnic groups, states, hopes for their finding, ensues. And this reality-as the answers reveal – is a decisive factor determining the diversity of research interests in modern social and human sciences. But it is also the need for co-creation and interdisciplinary dialogue of subjects of various social and human sciences, supporters of different worldviews and methodologies. ; Редколлегия задала два вопроса о совместности – главной теме журнала «Koinon» – ученым разных социогуманитарных дисциплин. Нас интересовало их мнение, во-первых, о состоянии совместности человеческого существования в современном мире и важнейшие проблемы, осложняющие сегодня коллективность и сплоченность человеческих сообществ; во-вторых, о значении концепта и проблемы совместности в их исследовательской сфере. Редколлегия получила ответы, отличающиеся не только предметно-профессиональной спецификой, но и методологическими подходами и даже индивидуально-психологической окраской, эмоциональным тоном. Были получены ответы от видных представителей разных социогуманитарных наук. На вопросы редколлегии ответили философы (историки философии и философы культуры), антропологи, этнологи, политологи, историки, психологи. Все отметили ключевое значение проблемы совместности для их профессиональной работы. При этом каждый отвечающий обозначил свое видение проблем, а в результате сложилась мозаичная (разумеется, неполная, незавершенная, но весьма показательная и интересная) картина многих проблем, с которыми сталкиваются люди в процессе совместного существования; из нее вырастает образ драматической общей жизни современного человечества с его противоречиями, трудностями, но и вечными чаяниями социальной гармонии и плодотворного сотрудничества людей, социальных групп, этносов, государств, надеждами на их обретение. И эта реальность – как видно из ответов – решающий фактор, определяющий не только разнообразие исследовательских интересов современных социальных и гуманитарных наук, но и необходимость со-творчества и междисциплинарного диалога субъектов различных социогуманитарных наук, сторонников разных мировоззрений и методологий.