Suchergebnisse

A la coberta consta: "Boosting eco-innovation for emergency, management, organizations". Aplicat embargament des de la data de defensa fins el dia 30/6/2022 ; Fire regimes are changing under the influence of global change. On the European continent, landscape memory in the 21st century is dominated by an accumulation of forest fuel and irrupted by a progressive climatic forcing that generates a latitudinal and altitudinal escalation of wildfire generations. Catalonia, and especially the mountain areas, is located within these pyro-climatic niches where the gradients of productivity-aridity are in a situation of remarkable vulnerability. Fires in these impact areas are expected to play an ecological role of renewal with no precedents in recent history, at the expense of a high socio-ecological severity in the short-medium term, though. In the first block, the thesis analyses the probability distributions of burned areas at different space-time scales in order to better understand the statistical nature of fires in Catalonia in recent history. In line with other existing publications, the analysis demonstrates the positive impact of the fire prevention and extinction system, with a significant reduction of the potential of large fires since the beginning of the 21st century. At the same time, the analysis also shows an arched back effect in the middle range of the probability distributions, as well as a more sustained correlation in the lower range of fires, since there is a better field data collection. The analysis focuses on different space-time aggregates in Catalonia, paying special attention to the Pyrenees region. In the second block, the research effort focuses on the synthesis of a case study. Knowledge of basic research is used, previously available tools for modelling the dynamics of the landscape are adapted, and new parameters are proposed such as the ecological fire flow. Although the case study responds to a demand from the government of Aran to promote a program of prescribed burns, it is above all ...

20 pages, 1 figure, 11 tables, 4 appendices ; A 100% renewable economy would give a lasting solution to the challenges raised by climate change, energy security, sustainability, and pollution. The conversion of the present transport system appears to be one of the most difficult aspects of such renewable transition. This study reviews the technologies and systems that are being proposed or proven as alternative to fossil-fuel based transportation, and their prospects for their entry into the post-carbon era, from both technological and energetic viewpoints. The energetic cost of the transition from the current transportation system into global 100% renewable transportation is estimated, as well as the electrical energy required for the operation of the new renewable transportation sector. A 100% renewable transport providing the same service as global transport in 2014 would demand about 18% less energy. The main reduction is expected in road transport (69%), but the shipping and air sectors would notably increase their consumptions: 163% and 149%, respectively. The analysis concludes that a 100% renewable transportation is feasible, but not necessarily compatible with indefinite increase of resources consumption. The major material and energy limitations and obstacles of each transport sector for this transition are shown ; This study has been supported by the MEDEAS project ("Modeling the Renewable Energy Transition in Europe"), European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program, grant agreement No. 691287EU of the Framework Program for Research and Innovation actions, H2020 LCE-21-2015 ; Peer Reviewed