Suchergebnisse

This presentation provides the preliminary findings of the EMN-OECD Inform on Digitalisation and Artificial Intelligence. It aims to analyse the use of digitalisation and artificial intelligence in migration management.

This presentation gives an overview of the Temporary Protection Directive and its implementation in Member States due to the unprovoked invasion of Ukraine by the Russian Federation and how Member States have dealt with the issue of Ukrainian children in regard to guardianship, housing and education.

Member States reported statistics from a range of sources or categories. The time period covered by the statistics, which was not specified in the information request, also varied. If a date is not specified, it is assumed that statistics refer to the time of the answer period for the ad hoc query which was April/May 2021. Sources/categories reported include residence permit data, population register data, statutory stateless persons, persons without citizenship, unknown/undetected nationality, nationality not specified and recognised stateless persons. T

This presentation maps the key findings of the progress made by Member States in the implementation of the recommended actions laid down in the 2017 Commission Communication on the protection of children in migration, with a view to further understanding progress made in the implementation of the Communication's recommendations.

This presentation presents the key findings of the progress made by Member States in the implementation of the recommended actions laid down in the 2017 Commission Communication on the protection of children in migration, with a view to further understanding progress made in the implementation of the Communication's recommendations based on the EMN Synthesis report on Children on migration.

The role of the EMN in the collection of information to provide timely, comparable information to EU and national policymakers.

This presentation focus on the access to housing and education for children in migration, the challenges confronted and the good practices detected.

This is a presentation of key findings of national responses to COVID-19 to date based on EMN Ad-hoc Queries launched by the European Migration Network between 13 March and 15 June 2020.

The COVID-19 took by surprise most Member States of the European Union, as they underestimated the rapid spread of the contagion in the continent. The response of the Member States was asymmetrical, individualistic and significantly slow. The first measures taken were to close down the internal borders. The response of the European Union was even slower to the point that and it was not until March 17th 2020 that the external borders were closed. These actions affected legal migration into the European Union from four perspectives: 1) it affected the mobility of those third country nationals who were on temporary stay in the Member States; 2) the entry of third country nationals to do seasonal work; 3) the entry and stay of legal migrants; and 4) the status quo of the third country nationals already residing in the Member States, especially those who have a loss of income. This article will deal with the measures taken by Member States on who to manage the immigration services during the crisis as well as the measures taken in order to deal with overstayers, seasonal workers and other legal migrants. Finally, we will focus in the vulnerable situation that third-country national salaried workers are exposed due to the loss of income or loss of employment in the Member States and the risk of being returned to their country of origin. This presentation will also analyse the access to unemployment benefits.

This article provides an overview of what the Member States of the European Union are doing in order to tackle statelessness in the European Union through the European Migration Network Platform on Statelessness. It also provides an overview of the state of play of statelessness in the European Union based on the EMN Inform entitled 'Statelessness in the EU' putting emphasis on the burden and standard of proof.

Statelessness is a global phenomenon which is also present in the European Union. At the end of 2018, UNHCR estimated the total number of stateless persons in the European Union plus Norway at 399 283 individuals. This includes both stateless individuals and persons of undetermined nationality. UNHCR and UNICEF also estimate that, in 2017, there were 2 100 children registered stateless in Europe, a fourfold increase since 2010. Article 1 of the 1954 Convention Relating to the Status of Stateless Persons defines a stateless person as 'a person who is not considered as a national by any State under the operation of its law'. Statelessness is a legal anomaly, which can prevent those concerned from accessing fundamental human, civil, political, economic, social and cultural rights. As a result, such persons often live in conditions of protracted marginalisation and discrimination, facing numerous difficulties, such as the inability to receive medical assistance, enrol in educational programmes, acquire property, obtain legal employment, marry or open a bank account. Even though statelessness can occur in various contexts, its most common causes include state succession, ill-defined or discriminatory nationality laws, and arbitrary deprivation of nationality. Statelessness can also be a consequence of forced displacement and forced migration and can result when people face difficulties accessing civil registration documents, including birth certificates, necessary to acquire or confirm nationality.

Le Luxembourg reste un pays attractif en termes d'immigration ; entre 2018 et 2019, la population du Grand-Duché a augmenté de 2 %. La part de la population luxembourgeoise représente 59,1 % de cette croissance contre 40,9 % de nationalités étrangères. L'immigration nette reste le principal facteur expliquant l'augmentation de la population. Le solde migratoire est largement positif pour les ressortissants de nationalité étrangère (12 142) alors qu'il est négatif pour les ressortissants luxembourgeois (-1 067). Le deuxième élément explicatif réside dans le solde naturel global positif (1 947). Si ce solde est largement positif chez les ressortissants étrangers, il est négatif chez les Luxembourgeois. Le regroupement familial reste le principal motif d'immigration pour les ressortissants de pays tiers. Ce type de migration devance l'immigration pour motifs économiques et la migration basée sur la recherche d'une protection internationale. Le nombre de personnes sollicitant une protection internationale est resté à un niveau élevé en 2019 avec 2 047 demandes, même si ce nombre constitue une diminution de 7,1 % par rapport à l'année précédente. En 2019, plusieurs évolutions majeures dans le domaine de l'immigration légale sont à noter. Parmi ces évolutions figurent notamment : l'introduction d'un visa de longue durée visant à simplifier l'entrée et le séjour des ressortissants de pays tiers sans devoir solliciter l'obtention d'un titre de séjour, ainsi que l'adoption de quatre lois tendant à clarifier le statut des ressortissants britanniques résidant au Luxembourg. La loi sur l'immigration a connu d'autres modifications importantes dans le domaine de la lutte contre la migration irrégulière et la rétention et le retour des ressortissants de pays tiers sans droit de séjour. La coopération internationale s'est poursuivie en matière de réadmission, comme le montre l'entrée en vigueur du protocole entre les États du Benelux et le gouvernement de la République de Serbie sur la mise en œuvre de l'accord conclu entre l'UE et la République de Serbie concernant la réadmission des personnes en situation de séjour irrégulier. -Ainsi, l'adoption des projets de loi portant approbation des protocoles en matière de réadmission avec l'Arménie et l'Ukraine. Un changement institutionnel significatif a eu lieu en matière de protection internationale : la loi du 4 novembre 2019 portant création de l'Office national de l'accueil (ONA) a opéré le transfert des compétences relatives à l'accueil des demandeurs de protection internationale du Ministère de la Famille, de l'Intégration et à la Grande Région vers le ministère ayant l'Immigration dans ses attributions. Avec l'entrée en vigueur de la loi au 1er janvier 2020, l'ONA s'est substitué à l'Office luxembourgeois de l'accueil et de l'intégration (OLAI) et a été rattaché au Secrétariat général du ministère des Affaires étrangères et européennes. L'intégration demeure une compétence du ministère de la Famille, de l'Intégration et à la Grande Région. Le 1er janvier 2019, la loi sur le revenu d'inclusion sociale (REVIS) est entrée en vigueur. Une des nouvelles dispositions est que tous les bénéficiaires d'une protection internationale âgés de 25 ans ou plus, de même que les membres de leur famille, peuvent bénéficier du REVIS, sans devoir remplir la condition des 5 ans de résidence au Luxembourg au cours des 20 dernières années. L'hébergement des demandeurs de protection internationale (DPI) reste un défi de taille et les taux d'occupation dans les structures d'hébergement de l'ONA continuent à se situer à des niveaux très élevés. Ceci est notamment dû au fait que la crise du logement affecte particulièrement les bénéficiaires de protection internationale (BPI) qui peinent à trouver un logement privé et à se loger en-dehors des structures d'accueil réservées en principe aux DPI. Dans ce contexte l'ONA a poursuivi ses efforts à inciter les communes à promouvoir la mise en place de structures d'hébergement pour DPI ou de possibilités d'hébergement pour BPI. Sur le plan de la lutte contre la traite des êtres humains les structures d'accueil et de consultation ont été élargies en 2019, notamment pour les hommes victimes de traite. Au niveau international, une déclaration d'intention concernant les nouvelles étapes dans leur coopération transfrontalière pour combattre la traite des êtres humains a été signé le 10 décembre 2019 par les pays du Benelux. Sur le plan des politiques d'intégration, les autorités ont continué à mettre en œuvre le Plan d'action national pluriannuel d'intégration à travers des appels à projets. Les actions visant à promouvoir l'intégration au niveau local ont également été renforcées, comme en témoignent la promotion du développement de plans communaux d'intégration et le soutien financier apporté aux communes par les pouvoirs publics. Le débat parlementaire sur le racisme a conduit à l'adoption d'une motion invitant le gouvernement à réaliser une étude sur le racisme et les discriminations au Luxembourg et d'une résolution dans laquelle la Chambre des Députés s'engage à renforcer les moyens du Centre d'Egalite de Traitement (CET). L'année 2020 a été marquée par la crise sanitaire liée à la Covid-19. La crise sanitaire et les mesures mises en place par les gouvernements, ont fortement impacté la mobilité et les migrations. Contrairement à la France, la Belgique et, surtout, l'Allemagne, le Luxembourg n'a jamais fermé ses frontières. Dans ce contexte le Ministère des Affaires étrangères et européennes a été contraint de négocier des accords avec ses homologues des pays voisins afin d'assurer la continuité du travail des frontaliers, notamment pour ceux travaillant dans le secteur de la santé.

This presentation deals on how immigration authorities in European Union Member States and Norway dealt with third-country national residence permits and how they are dealing with third-country nationals who are losing their employment in regard to their right to stay in the host countries.

This presentation address the issue why statelessness is so marginalised in the migration discourse in the European Union even though is a growing phenomenon.

Historically, Luxembourg has developed during the last 68 years strong links with the Western Balkan countries. In 1970, a labour agreement was signed between the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg and the Former Republic of Yugoslavia to provide for workers to come to work in Luxembourg. This bilateral agreement created a diaspora from the Western Balkans in Luxembourg. Montenegrin nationals represent the largest third-country national population while the Serbians and the Bosnians represents the 3rd and 4th largest nationality groups. There has been a significant number of naturalisations from the West Balkan countries during the last 10 years. This diaspora was a significant "pull factor" during the Yugoslav Wars (1991-1999) and the economic crisis of 2008. This study was unable to verify direct and automatic links between the entering into force of the visa liberalisation agreements with the West Balkans countries and Eastern Partnership countries and an impact for Luxembourg. The large majority of increases, independently if it is legal migration, irregular migration or international protection did not occur during the next year following the entering into force of the agreements. These increases occurred generally during the second year or later. Concerning visa liberalisation agreements with the Western Balkan countries, the first findings are a dramatic increase of international protection applicants from those countries since the agreements came into force. In the international protection field and in the framework of the return decisions, the visa liberalisation agreement had a negative impact generating stress for all the public administrations during 2011 and 2012, which have to deal with international protection and the return mechanism. During 2011, there was a significant increase of applicants from Macedonia and Serbia and in 2012 from Albania and Bosnia-Herzegovina. This situation placed the Luxembourgish authorities under significant stress to deal with this significant inflow of applicants, whose applications were, in the large majority of cases (80%), rejected. However, this situation obliged the Luxembourgish government to take measures in order to deal in a very efficient manner with these inflows of international protection applicants as well as to overhaul the entire international protection procedure. These measures can be divided into two different: procedural measures and implementation measures. The most significant procedural measures are: a) the introduction of the fast track procedure and the implementation of the ultra-expedite procedure; b) the introduction of these countries in the list of safe countries of origin. These measures allow the authorities to deal more efficiently with the massive influx of international protection applicants coming from the region. The implementation measures are: a) No access to social aid for the applicant benefiting from a commitment to cover all expenses by a Luxembourg national, EU citizen or TCN residing in Luxembourg; b) substantial decrease in monthly cash amounts of social aid for adult individuals and households; c) Recruitment and reallocation of staff in the Directorate of Immigration and the Luxembourg Reception and Integration office; d) implementing the Assisted voluntary return Balkans (AVR Balkans) which only covers the return bus ticket; and e) strengthen cooperation with the authorities of the Western Balkan countries. During 2017, there was an increase in the number of international protection applicants from Georgia and Ukraine, even though both countries are included in the list of safe countries of origin. As Luxembourg does not have external borders with the exception of the International Airport, it is not possible to obtain pertinent information concerning the detection of irregular entries in the territory. Nevertheless, there is some evidence that some individuals from these countries have taken advantage of the visa liberalisation agreements to come to work irregularly in Luxembourg, even if it is not possible to quantify the scale of the phenomenon. The findings of this study do not show an increase in the number of applications for authorisation of stay or residence permits (remunerated and study activities), so the EU visa liberalisation agreements did not have any impact in the legal migration field. The increase of application was visible after the second year of entering into force of these agreements but the numbers were not significant in regard with number of applications made by third-country nationals during the same period. However, the short-stay visits (i.e. friends, family, tourism, etc.) seem not only to have been facilitated, but also increased. In some cases, these short-visits have also been used not only to visit family and friends but also to be familiarized with the Luxembourgish society and to explore job opportunities and look for housing. This is probably the only positive impact that the visa liberalization agreements have had. Seen that the visa liberalisation agreements only allow travelling without a visa, but they do not allow working and staying in the country, and based on the data collected there is not possible to establish a link between them and any significant impact with regard to economy and to criminality (especially related to traffic of human beings or smuggling, where the numbers are very low and not directly related in most cases to nationals concerned by this study).