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A Block Adaptive Near-Lossless Compression Algorithm for Medical Image Sequences and Diagnostic Quality Assessment
The near-lossless compression technique has better compression ratio than lossless compression technique while maintaining a maximum error limit for each pixel. It takes the advantage of both the lossy and lossless compression methods providing high compression ratio, which can be used for medical images while preserving diagnostic information. The proposed algorithm uses a resolution and modality independent threshold-based predictor, optimal quantization (q) level, and adaptive block size encoding. The proposed method employs resolution independent gradient edge detector (RIGED) for removing inter-pixel redundancy and block adaptive arithmetic encoding (BAAE) is used after quantization to remove coding redundancy. Quantizer with an optimum q level is used to implement the proposed method for high compression efficiency and for the better quality of the recovered images. The proposed method is implemented on volumetric 8-bit and 16-bit standard medical images and also validated on real time 16-bit-depth images collected from government hospitals. The results show the proposed algorithm yields a high coding performance with BPP of 1.37 and produces high peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) of 51.35 dB for 8-bit-depth image dataset as compared with other near-lossless compression. The average BPP values of 3.411 and 2.609 are obtained by the proposed technique for 16-bit standard medical image dataset and real-time medical dataset respectively with maintained image quality. The improved near-lossless predictive coding technique achieves high compression ratio without losing diagnostic information from the image. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (10.1007/s10278-019-00283-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Risk management and prevention of antibiotics resistance:The PREVENT IT project
In: Kaur , K , Greco , S , Saroj , S D , Hossain , S S , Pradhan , H S , Singh , S K , Clerici , F , Sood , M , Brand , H , John , P & Schroder-Back , P 2020 , ' Risk management and prevention of antibiotics resistance : The PREVENT IT project ' , South Eastern European Journal of Public Health , vol. XIV , 1-15 . https://doi.org/10.4119/seejph-3684
Background: Globally, a significant increase in the emergence of antibiotic resistant (ABR) path-ogens has rendered several groups of antibiotics ineffective for the treatment of life-threatening infections. It is an endemic in hospital settings and a major concern while handling pathogens involved in an epidemic or pandemic. ABR is a matter of great concern due to its recusant impact on public health and cost to the healthcare system, especially in developing country like India. An indiscriminateand inappropriate usage of antimicrobials, poor infrastructure and sanitation are the major factors driving the evolution of ABR in such countries. Therefore, in addition to the devel-opment of novel therapeuticsand safeguarding the efficacy of existing antibiotics, there is an ur-gent need for a programme focussed on the education in risk management and prevention of ABR. Aim: To promote qualitative teaching activities in academia and society to visualize a future where every individual is aware of ABR and empowered with right education to address the issue.Methods: The project 'Risk Management and Prevention of Antibiotics Resistance -PREVENT IT', funded by the ERASMUS+ Programme of the European Union, converges academicians and non-government organizations (NGOs) to inculcate a sense of awareness towards the increase in the frequency of ABR pathogens, judicial usage of antimicrobials and the economic/health burden of ABR, in students, academicians, clinicians and population at large. Expected outcome: The project commissioned envisages a behavioural change in individuals and attempts to support policymakers by executing stable changes in the curricula of institutes of higher education, developing advanced workshop modules for the training of academicians and disseminating ABR-related information through conferences/seminars, social media campaigns and an online platform dedicated to ABR. In addition, the project aims to develop a European-Indian network for the management of risk and prevention of ABR.
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Risk management and prevention of antibiotics resistance: The PREVENT IT project
Background: Globally, a significant increase in the emergence of antibiotic resistant (ABR) path-ogens has rendered several groups of antibiotics ineffective for the treatment of life-threatening infections. It is an endemic in hospital settings and a major concern while handling pathogens involved in an epidemic or pandemic. ABR is a matter of great concern due to its recusant impact on public health and cost to the healthcare system, especially in developing country like India. An indiscriminate and inappropriate usage of antimicrobials, poor infrastructure and sanitation are the major factors driving the evolution of ABR in such countries. Therefore, in addition to the devel-opment of novel therapeutics and safeguarding the efficacy of existing antibiotics, there is an ur-gent need for a programme focussed on the education in risk management and prevention of ABR. Aim: To promote qualitative teaching activities in academia and society to visualize a future where every individual is aware of ABR and empowered with right education to address the issue. Methods: The project 'Risk Management and Prevention of Antibiotics Resistance - PREVENT IT', funded by the ERASMUS+ Programme of the European Union, converges academicians and non-government organizations (NGOs) to inculcate a sense of awareness towards the increase in the frequency of ABR pathogens, judicial usage of antimicrobials and the economic/health burden of ABR, in students, academicians, clinicians and population at large. Expected outcome: The project commissioned envisages a behavioural change in individuals and attempts to support policymakers by executing stable changes in the curricula of institutes of higher education, developing advanced workshop modules for the training of academicians and disseminating ABR-related information through conferences/seminars, social media campaigns and an online platform dedicated to ABR. In addition, the project aims to develop a European-Indian network for the management of risk and prevention of ABR. Conflicts ...
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