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The concept of justice has been a constant issue since its conception. The Greeks also attempted to define justice. They have observed justice as goodness in deeds and so a virtue. In the Greek mind, fairness was an attribute of the spirit or soul, while injustice was a sin. Both Plato and Aristotle defined justice as kindness as well as a desire to follow the law. It alluded to the connection between rights and duties. In human interactions, justice was the pinnacle of excellence and the attitude that animates folks in the right fulfillment of their responsibilities. The development of harmony and peace in thinking and conduct was pre-eminently social. In the same way, Aristotle's and Plato's fairness are complementary; both philosophers seek to discover a concept of ability by which unity, harmony, virtue, and pleasure may be produced in a community. Despite this shared agreement, they are fundamentally different in many ways. In this paper, an attempt has been made by the author to discuss the similarities and dissimilarities in theories of justice propounded by Plato and Aristotle.

AbstractAn EPZ is basically no more than a device whereby imports, to be used in the production of exports, can be acquired by manufacturers on a bonded duty‐free basis. They are literally industrial zones with special incentives to attract foreign investors in which imported materials undergo some degree of processing before being exported again. The logic behind these zones was the creation of an area in which domestic policies do not hold and in which, therefore, a government could implement policies designed to enable individual firms to invest profitably on the basis of a country's comparative advantage. However, although there is significant literature on the impact of EPZs on host countries, nevertheless, the evidence has mainly been concerned with their benefits and costs and has stopped short of formal benefit‐cost analysis. In essence, what the empirical studies have lacked, including those done on the Mauritius Export Processing Zone (MEPZ), has been an analytical framework within which the benefits and costs of EPZs can be identified conceptually and quantified empirically. In this respect, the objective of the current paper is to formally attempt to calculate the net contribution of the MEPZ using a modified version of the enclave model put forward by Warr (1988). The results show that although Mauritius has been able to attain its objective of reducing employment and raising foreign exchange through the creation of the EPZ, yet overall the EPZ has cost more to the economy than the benefits it has conferred to the economy. This is principally because of the incentives that were given to the producers working in the EPZ sector. The costs of these incentives were higher than the overall returns obtained from the sector. The two variables that negatively contributed to the sector were domestic borrowings and electricity usage. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Sonars are used to detect underwater targets and are especially important in maintaining naval superiority. Towed array sonars can operate at very low frequencies thus giving larger ranges and can be deployed to any desired depth of operation. Towed array sonars offer long range surveillance capability and is the sensor of choice for sustained surveillance operations. Reliable operation and maintenance of towed array sonars need effective methods of health monitoring and reliability prediction. For any prognostic health monitoring to be done we need to identify certain parameters which can be observed and will give system health status in the present condition. This paper proposes some metrics which are easily measurable in-situ and which offer insights into the health of the sonar system. These metrics give direct measureable impact for each of the failure modes and offer insights into the current health of an operational towed array sonar. Simulation results are shown to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed metrics and detailed trial data results from different towed array trials are analysed to validate them in operational scenarios.

Pavement blocks made using cement concrete is very popular in Kerala, India due to its easy installation and durability. Pavement block paved roads, parking spaces and footpaths are a common sight in Kerala. One of the major constituent for the concrete to make such pavement blocks is coarse aggregates (crushed granite). Concrete is one of the most used manmade materials in the world. The mass use concrete is increasing due to growth of infrastructure development and construction activities in the Kerala. Presently Kerala is facing a shortage of coarse aggregate which is sourced from granite quarries due to stringent rules and regulations set by the Government of Kerala. The mass production coarse aggregate such as granite impact the local ecology balance and affect the environment hence causing ecology imbalance. More than 90% of the coconut production in India takes place in the southern states of India including Kerala. Coconut shell is the strongest part covered in coconut. Coconut shells are an agricultural waste and present disposal problems for the local environment. This paper presents the results of a study conducted to investigate the utilization of Coconut shell aggregate as replacement coarse aggregate material in the concrete pavement block manufacturing.