Suchergebnisse

International audience ; Patulin is a mycotoxin produced by species of Penicillium, Aspergillus and Byssochylamys. Several Scientific Committees classify patulin as mutagenic, embriotoxic and immunotoxic; it has been found as a natural contaminant of processed apple products and its presence may be indicative of the quality of fruit used in production. In this work a method for the analysis of patulin is described, this methodology is based on a simple liquid-liquid extraction with acetonitrile; patulin is analyzed using liquid chromatography with UV detection. Patulin identity was confirmed by GC-MS after its reaction with N-Methyl-N-(trimethylsilyl) trifluoroacetamide. Fifty-three apple-containing products were analyzed with the method described in this work. Patulin was detected in 14 of the samples in a range of 1.5-50.9 μg L-1; six of them were above the maximum permitted level by the European Union. Based on these results and juice consumption by the Spanish adult population, patulin estimated intake was 0.42 ng kg-1 body weight per day.

[EN] This study develops a decision-making procedure to help policymakers compare alternative patterns for sustainable diets by reaching a compromise among three criteria: socio-economic perspective, health and environment (including carbon and water footprints). An Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) was performed in several stages. First, a total of 25 stakeholders (members of organizations on the Valencia Food Policy Council) evaluated criteria that are relevant to the sustainability of diets. Secondly, a workshop with 14 experts from different backgrounds evaluated by consensus four dietary alternatives: Mediterranean, flexitarian, pescatarian and vegan. In terms of environment, experts gave priority to the vegan diet. However, the Mediterranean diet pattern (MDP) appeared, according to the process, as the most suitable pattern from the holistic perspective that integrates all relevant criteria. The MDP was ranked first in terms of the health criterion and the socio-economic perspective. These include culture, affordability, social impact and local production as decision elements that food policy advisory bodies take into consideration to define sustainable diets. ; García Alvarez-Coque, JM.; Abdullateef, O.; Fenollosa Ribera, ML.; Ribal, J.; Sanjuán Pellicer, MN.; Soriano, JM. (2021). Integrating sustainability into the multi-criteria assessment of urban dietary patterns. Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems. 36(1):69-76. https://doi.org/10.1017/S174217051900053X ; S ; 69 ; 76 ; 36 ; 1

International audience ; One hundred samples of dried fruits (20 dried raisins, 20 walnuts, 20 peanuts, 20 dried figs and 20 pistachios) and twenty samples of rice purchased from retail shops of Rabat and Salé area in Morocco were analyzed for ochratoxin A (OTA) by immunoaffinity (IAC) clean-up and LC with fluorimetric detection. The limit of quantification (LOQ) (S/N, 10:1) of OTA was 0.021 ng/g in rice, 0.027 ng/g in pistachio, peanut and walnut and 0.030 ng/g in dried raisins and dried figs. The incidence of OTA in dried raisins, walnuts, peanuts, dried figs and rice were 30, 35, 25, 65 and 90 % respectively. Analytical results showed that pistachio samples were with no detectable levels. OTA concentrations ranged from 0.02±0.01 to 32.4±2.10 ng/g in rice, from 0.10±0.05 to 2.36±0.75 in peanut, from 0.03±0.01 to 1.42±0.45 in dried figs, from 0.05±0.02 to 4.95±0.02 in dried raisins and from 0.04±0.01 to 0.23±0.05 in walnut. Results showed also that 15% of total analyzed samples of rice exceeded the maximum residue level (MRL) set by European Union regulations for OTA in cereals (European Commission 2002). This is the first report on the occurrence of OTA in dried fruits and rice available in Morocco.