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Creating a general model of the economy, "providing a holistic knowledge of the economic system" (AD Nekipelov) is an urgent problem. The paper considers the possibility of using the subject and method of Marx's "The Capital" in order to build a common model. The subject is an entity of relations within capitalist mode of production of life rather than wealth. The scientific method of ascending not from the abstract but from the simplest concrete to the complex concrete led to the discovery of an "economic cell". Cell theory has influenced both "The Capital" and the understanding of history as a "linear sequence of stages". The subject of the general model is relations that ensure the reproduction of life in a market economy. The method is consistent with genomics. Two factors of the product are the minimum set of "genes" of an "economic DNA molecule". The cell is totipotent, i.e. possesses a complete stock of genetic material but in different cells the same genes are in an active or repressed state. Alignment with genomics allows us to build a model of modern market economy, to reconsider the linear sequence and put forward the hypothesis of "totipotency of various methods of production", the activation of those methods that contribute to the reproduction of the life of society as a whole.

Demand and supply — categories with a rich history, introduced into scientific circulation 250 years ago, comprehensively investigated from the positions of quantitative analysis. But it turns out that the glossaries of microeconomic textbooks do not give either the definition of demand (there is a reference — see the demand curve) or the units of demand measurement (there are no units of measurement between the price and quantity) and, accordingly, supply
that restricts their practical application. The model of the general economy — the synthesis of the "Capital" of Marx, micro- and macroeconomics — allows us to supplement the quantitative analysis of all market categories with qualitative analysis and, in particular, to define demand and supply through two factors of the commodity–use value and cost. The definition of categories and units of their measurement makes it possible to expand the field of application of theory (the demand for a set of goods and the supply of a set of goods) and formulate an algorithm for their use in business practice.

Inter-industry Competition and Formation of Average Profit Rate as a Precondition for Reindustrialization