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Chapter 2 ; The decision to deploy troops overseas to observe, keep or enforce peace is not an easy One. Peace operations are difficult to sustain. War can break out again at any time and belligerent groups can attack peacekeepers. Conflicting interests and mistrust between the parties involved can spoil peace agreements.

DRAFT ; Prepared for delivery at the 2010 Annual Meeting of the International Studies Association, February 15-20, 2010 ; Although little studied as a laboratory for nuclear management, Latin America is a particularly appropriate place on which to focus issues of nuclear proliferation. Numerous Latin American states have historically followed different nuclear paths and logics, ranging from covert (Argentina) to overt nuclear strategies (Brazil), as well as non-proliferation strategies (Mexico). In spite of these variations, little is known as to why so many similar states in Latin America have followed such diverse and dissimilar nuclear patterns. This project attempts to explain divergent nuclear logics by examining how the evolution of civil-military relations has shaped regional nuclear policy preferences. Since most nuclear weapon projects in Latin America were once handled by military institutions, we need to know how the armed forces and their civilian counterparts have grappled for control over nuclear policy during different historical periods. In particular, we need to know how civilian control of the armed forces affects (or not) nuclear strategies.

Kai Michael Kenkel, Introduction: Diversity Within a Common Culture: South America and Peace Operations 1. - 1. Monica Herz, Assumptions on Intervention and Security in South America 25. - 2. Arturo C. Sotomayor Velázquez, Democratization and Commitment to Peace: South America's Motivations to Contribute to Peace Operations 45. - 3. Danilo Marcondes de Souza Neto, Regional Defense Integration and Peacekeeping Cooperation in the Southern Cone 64. - 4. Kai Michael Kenkel, Out of South America to the Globe: Brazil's Growing Stake in Peace Operations 85. - 5. Julián González Guyer, Punching Above its Weight: Uruguay and UN Peace Operations 111. - 6. Rut Diamint, From Fear to Humanitarianism: Changing Patterns in Argentina's Involvement in Peace Operations 132. - 7. Andreas E. Feldmann and Juan Esteban Montes, Learning to be Likeminded: Chile's Involvement in Global Security and Peace Operations Since the End of the Cold War 151. - 8. Julia D. Buxton, Swimming Against the Tide: Venezuela and Peace Operations 169. - Kai Michael Kenkel, Conclusions: Securing South America's Peace Operations Acquis Post-MINUSTAH 188