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Cover -- Title page -- Copyright page -- Sommaire / Contents -- Dédicace. À Aminata Diaw Cissé -- Dedication. To Aminata Diaw Cissé -- Remerciements -- Acknowledgements -- Note sur les contributeurs / Notes on Contributors -- 1. Genre et fondamentalismes en Afrique: une introduction -- La religion, convoquée en politique -- La culture entérinée par le politique -- Culture, religion et politique : leurs relations font-elles le lit des fondamentalismes? -- Notes -- Bibliographie -- 2. Religion, culture et politique: relire les fondamentalismes -- Introduction -- Le fondamentalisme : concept et domaine contestés -- Comprendre le contexte actuel des débats autour du fondamentalisme -- Culture, religion, politique et fondamentalismes : où en est le Sénégal -- Conclusion -- Notes -- Bibliographie -- 3. Fundamentalism and the Challenge to Women's Human Rights -- Introduction -- What is Fundamentalism? -- Fundamentalisms as Political Movements -- Fundamentalisms on the Political Spectrum -- Fundamentalisms in the Context of Globalization -- Criticism of the Term Fundamentalism -- Impact of Fundamentalisms on Human Rights -- Conclusion -- Notes -- References -- 4. Genre et défis des fondamentalismes en Afrique -- Introduction -- Droits humains des femmes : les résistances de la culture, de la religion et du politique -- Genre et discriminations sociales au nom de la culture et de la religion -- Genre et discriminations politiques au nom de la culture et de la religion -- Conclusion -- Notes -- Bibliographie -- 5. Genre et fondamentalismes culturels et religieux en Afrique -- Introduction -- Les fondamentalismes culturels et/ou religieux -- Culture et religion négro-africaine -- La femme et le fondamentalisme patriarcal -- L'idéologisation de la femme, gardienne de la vie -- Dignité humaine et dignité de la femme africaine -- L'apport philosophique

When, why and how can religion and culture be both sources and places of expression for fundamentalisms, particularly in relation to politics? Those are the central questions asked throughout this book alongside a discussion on the result when religion, strengthened by culture, is used as a political tool to access moral and social power. Cultural and religious messages often form the basis of decisions, laws and programs made in politics, and have a direct effect on society in general, and on women and gender relations in particular. The various forms taken by fundamentalisms in some African countries and the contexts under which they have emerged, the ways in which they (re)shape identities and relationships between men and women are also analysed in this book. These fundamentalisms are frequently sources of concern in social debates, in feminist and feminine organizations as well as in academia and politics. The manipulation of cultures and religions are becoming progressively political, and consequently can cause social discrimination, or even physical, moral, and symbolic violence.

La Décennie des Nations Unies pour la femme a été une période intense de conscientisation et de prise de parole pour les femmes en Afrique. Elle a été l'occasion de débats extrêmement féconds sur les questions majeures qui les touchent, de même que de contacts et d'échanges avec des femmes tenant d'autres discours ailleurs dans le monde. La V e Conférence régionale africaine de Dakar, préparatoire à la Conférence mondiale des femmes de Beijing (1995) a été l'occasion de faire le point sur la lutte des femmes en Afrique et sur la progression, depuis la conférence de Mexico (1975), d'un discours en termes de participation au développement à un discours sur le droitau développement.

Even three years after the end of the decade, it is difficult to speak decisively about "results" and "impact". The Senegalese government has adopted an arsenal of legal and political measures in keeping with the spirit of the international conventions and, probably, the spirit of the times. Senegalese women have won one battle declared at the onset of the Decade - the right to speak about themselves and to push limits, to challenge taboos, and to broaden the discussion. (DÜI-Gbh)

The significance of the UN Decade for Women, in Africa as a whole and in Senegal in particular, must be assessed not only in terms of what was gained and what was not, but also in terms of where we started and the odds we were up against. For women in Africa, the decade meant the droit a la parole — the right to speak out, and the right be heard -- whether this right was won or granted, exercised spontaneously or in organized ways, and even if it was controlled or censored. Discourse by women on women was opened. Women seized the right to speak for themselves about themselves, sometimes freely, and sometimes cautiously within imposed limits.