Suchergebnisse

Developing responsive to needs, efficient and sustainable long-term care systems for elderly becomes due to rising demographic pressures an urgent issue all over Europe. Czech Republic is among the countries that have redesigned long-term care system according the principles of accessibility, quality and fiscal tenacity in the past couple of years. The reform process was well rooted in the practice of local governments and social sector empowering institutions that existed before 2006, when the reform was introduced, but were insufficiently anchored in legal regulations. The newly established long term care system covers a wide spectrum of services, from cash benefits to dependent in need via different types of social services and institutional care. Still, similarly to other countries of the Central and Eastern Europe region long care is disintegrated between the social system and health care which also is responsible for some types of institutional establishments. The system is also not free from critique for the lack of formal definition of long term care, lack of integration of services, their shortage and poor quality. Thus despite state efforts, the care over elderly remains family responsibility and state support is not always sufficient.

Developing responsive to needs, efficient and sustainable long-term care systems for elderly becomes due to rising demographic pressures an urgent issue all over Europe. Czech Republic is among the countries that have redesigned long-term care system according the principles of accessibility, quality and fiscal tenacity in the past couple of years. The reform process was well rooted in the practice of local governments and social sector empowering institutions that existed before 2006, when the reform was introduced, but were insufficiently anchored in legal regulations. The newly established long term care system covers a wide spectrum of services, from cash benefits to dependent in need via different types of social services and institutional care. Still, similarly to other countries of the Central and Eastern Europe region long care is disintegrated between the social system and health care which also is responsible for some types of institutional establishments. The system is also not free from critique for the lack of formal definition of long term care, lack of integration of services, their shortage and poor quality. Thus despite state efforts, the care over elderly remains family responsibility and state support is not always sufficient.

Long-term care (LTC) in the new EU member states, which used to belong to the former socialist countries, is not yet a legally separated sector of social security. However, the ageing dynamics are more intensive in these states than in the old EU member states. This paper analyses the process of creating an LTC sector in the context of institutional reforms of social protection systems during the transition period. The authors explain LTC's position straddling the health and social sectors, the underdevelopment of formal LTC, and the current policies regarding the risk of LTC dependency. The paper is based mainly on the analysis of information provided by country experts in the ANCIEN project.

Long-term care (LTC) in the new EU member states, which used to belong to the former socialist countries, is not yet a legally separated sector of social security. However, the ageing dynamics are more intensive in these states than in the old EU member states. This paper analyses the process of creating an LTC sector in the context of institutional reforms of social protection systems during the transition period. The authors explain LTC's position straddling the health and social sectors, the underdevelopment of formal LTC, and the current policies regarding the risk of LTC dependency. The paper is based mainly on the analysis of information provided by country experts in the ANCIEN project.

Opracowanie dotyczące sytuacji gospodarczej przedsiębiorstw na Lubelszczyźnie i Podkarpaciu oraz wojewódzkich rynków pracy wykorzystuje dane otrzymane z WUS, dotyczące okresu 2005-2007 i umożliwiające sformułowanie prognozy na lata 2008-2009. Podstawową zaletą tego opracowania jest jego przekrojowo-porównawczy charakter umożliwiający szczegółowe porównanie istotnych wskaźników ekonomicznych i sytuacji oraz tendencji występujących w sekcjach i najważniejszych grupach (wg EKD). Dodatkowo w raporcie specjalnym wykorzystano w znacznie większym stopniu informacje zawarte w Liście 2000 największych polskich przedsiębiorstw (wg Rzeczpospolitej) oraz informacje o wykorzystaniu funduszy unijnych i ich wpływie na inwestycje w obu województwach.

The report is a result of the Ageing, Health Status and Determinants of Health Expenditure (AHEAD) project within the EC 6th Framework programme. The objective of the research was to present the model of future health care system revenues and expenditures in selected Central and Eastern European countries (CEE) which are now the New EU Member States, and to discuss projection assumptions and results. Selected countries include Bulgaria, Estonia, Hungary, Poland and Slovakia. The projections are based on methodology adopted in the International Labour Organization (ILO) Social Budget model. The projection examines impact of demographic changes and changes in health status on future (up to 2050) health expenditures. Next to it, future changes in the labour market participation and their imact on the health care system revenues are examined. Results indicate that due to demographic pressures health expenditures will increase in the next 40 years and health care systems in the NMS will face deficit. Moreover, health revenues, expenditures and deficit/surplus are slightly sensitive to possible labour market changes. Health care system reforms are required in order to balance the disequilibrium of revenues and expenditures caused by external factors (demographic and economic), and decrease the premium needed to cover expenditures. Such reforms should lead, on the one hand, to the rationing of medical services covered by public resources, and on the other, to more effective governance and management of the sector and within the sector.