Suchergebnisse

AbstractHistorically, crises have been lauded for fostering European Union (EU) integration. Conversely, it has recently been predicted that the current 'polycrisis' will precipitate the EU's demise. However, this dichotomous perspective on crises is oversimplified. In this research note, we argue that a critical‐constructivist approach to norm contestation is uniquely placed to illuminate the shades of grey populating the continuum between these two extremes. As contestation effects may occur on both normative and institutional levels, a norm contestation approach has the potential to open the black box of crises by investigating the prerequisites, actors and processes of crisis and reminding us that these stages are linked in a circular way. Therefore, we argue that a conversation between EU studies and critical‐constructivist norm contestation research is crucial to advancing our understanding of the myriad effects crises have on the EU beyond the dichotomous distinction between integration and demise.

Introduction. Uncertain change and changing uncertainty : the Brexit referendum and the EU in the eyes of the world / Johanna Speyer, Natalia Chaban and Arne Niemann -- The UK's view on Brexit and its foreign policy implications / Geoffrey Edwards -- 'Brexit' in Turkish political debates : end of the road or a new trajectory? / Başak Alpan and Özgehan Şenyuva -- Perceptions of the EU and Brexit in Russia and their influence on Russia-EU relations / Elena Ananieva -- Brexit and EU perceptions in Ukraine / Natalia Chaban and Michèle Knodt -- Increasingly Brittle? US-perceptions of the EU after Brexit and their impact on EU-US relations / Johanna Speyer, Laura Hähn and Arne Niemann -- Canada's two Europe's : Brexit and the prospect of competing transatlantic relationships / Achim Hurrelmann -- Perceptions of the EU/Brexit in Mexico : offsetting negative impacts / Roberto Dominguez -- Brazil's perceptions of the EU after Brexit : a weaker but desirable partner / Elena Lazarou, Tatiana Cuotto and Bruno Theodoro Luciano -- A troubled pair? the MENA region and the EU after Brexit / Mujtaba Isani, Bernd Schlipphak and Daniel Silverman -- South Africa's perception of the EU after Brexit / John Kotsopoulos -- China's perception of Brexit and its influence on China-EU relations / Ling Jin and Emil Kirchner -- A shift of strategic interests : Indian elite perceptions of Europe after Brexit / Karine Lisbonne-de Vergeron -- Japan facing Brexit : EU perceptions after Brexit in Japan / Ken Endo -- EU perceptions in Korean YouTube Videos before and after the Brexit referendum : a semantic network analysis approach / Sung-hoon Park and Sae Won Chun -- So close yet so far : Australian and New Zealand perceptions of the EU post-Brexit vote / Serena Kelly and Antonia Mochan -- Conclusion: External perceptions of the EU and EU foreign policy making at times of Brexit / Natalia Chaban, Arne Niemann and Johanna Speyer.

Between 2015 and 2017, the European Union (EU) was confronted with a major crisis in its history, the so-called "European refugee crisis." Since the multifaceted crisis has provoked many different responses, it is also likely to have influenced individuals' assessments of immigrants and European integration. Using data from three waves of the European Social Survey (ESS) — the wave before the crisis in 2012, the wave at the beginning of the crisis in 2014, and the wave right after the (perceived) height of the crisis in 2016 — we test the degree to which the European refugee crisis increased Europeans' anti-immigrant sentiment and Euroscepticism, as well as the influence of Europeans' anti-immigrant attitudes on their level of Euroscepticism. As suggested by prior research, our results indicate that there is indeed a consistent and solid relationship between more critical attitudes toward immigrants and increased Euroscepticism. Surprisingly, however, we find that the crisis increased neither anti-immigrant sentiments nor critical attitudes toward the EU and did not reinforce the link between rejection of immigrants and rejection of the EU. These findings imply that even under a strong external shock, fundamental political attitudes remain constant.

Reflexivity matters! - sowohl bezogen auf die eigene Person als Wissenschaftler*in wie auch auf die wissenschaftstheoretischen Grundannahmen. Reflexivität stellt eine Grundlage für gelingende Kommunikation in Forschungsfeldern dar, ist in der IB-Normenforschung allerdings noch nicht Status Quo. Das verwundert aus zwei Gründen: Erstens ist das Problem der doppelten Hermeneutik hier besonders relevant und zweitens schlägt sich gerade in der inhärenten Normativität des Forschungsfeldes die spezifische Situiertheit von Forschenden folgenreich nieder. Vor diesem Hintergrund argumentiert dieser Forumsbeitrag für das Sicht- und Nachvollziehbarmachen der Ausgangspunkte und Herangehensweisen von Normenforscher*innen. Um eine systematische Auseinandersetzung mit den Auswirkungen der eigenen Vorannahmen auf den Forschungsprozess zu erleichtern, präsentieren wir ein Fragenraster, welches auf der dreiteiligen Heuristik von autobiografischer Situiertheit, in-field Situiertheit und Situiertheit im Text basiert. Aus der Kombination dieser Heuristik mit den analytischen Dimensionen Person der*des Wissenschaftler*in und wissenschaftstheoretisches Verständnis ergeben sich Fragen, die die Reflexion der eigenen Forschung und die Kommunikation in der IB-Normenforschung erleichtern und bereichern.