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Much of the time, transitional justice measures are developed alongside the implementation of peace agreements and peacebuilding efforts, and are expected by their framers and advocates to contribute to peace. The claim is that accountability measures can help to deter future violence and prevent revenge attacks, demonstrate and help to reinstall the rule of law and democracy, and contribute in so doing to longer-term stability. And indeed, transitional justice measures are expected to work alongside specific measures of peacebuilding, such as rule of law promotion, security sector reform, and disarmament, demobilization, and reintegration of excombatants, and increasingly those developing such measures of peacebuilding are expected to take transitional justice measures into account. What happens, however, when a transitional justice measure is developed decades after the end of the conflict, where such standard measures of peacebuilding were not pursued, or are incomplete? Can a transitional justice mechanism have the desired effects? And what if that mechanism is not designed to address the wide range of past crimes, but a more recent subset? This chapter considers the prospects for the Special Tribunal for Lebanon (STL) to have any serious impact on the country itself, against the backdrop of long-term, but unconsolidated, peacebuilding or reconstruction efforts. It argues that while Lebanon has undergone extensive reconstruction since the end of its brutal civil war, no serious peacebuilding efforts were undertaken, meaning that many of the changes a post-conflict society is expected to undergo, arising from demobilization of large numbers of fighters, reform of the justice and security sector, did not take place. In this context, accountability for the abuses of the war and in the 15 years after it in which the country was under Syrian occupation has yet to take place and seems unlikely. The STL is nonetheless often expected to operate as a mechanism analogous to ordinary transitional justice mechanisms, yet it does not have the remit to address the legacy of conflict and occupation, but rather only the assassination of former Prime Minister Rafik Hariri and related assassinations. It seems unlikely that it can have the effect expected of transitional justice mechanisms and ascribed by its advocates to it as well, of promoting human rights and accountability, and even peacebuilding, in the affected country. Rather, after two decades of reconstruction, the tribunal is unlikely to contribute to peace, and may run the risk of promoting conflict should it try defendants, whether in person or in absentia.

The chapters in this volume, written largely by experts in the field, draw upon pre- and post-Arab Spring use of transitional justice mechanisms in a range of countries, including Algeria, Egypt, Tunisia, Yemen, Libya, Morocco, and Bahrain.

"Seeks to refine our understanding of transitional justice and peacebuilding, and long-term security and reintegration challenges after violent conflicts. As recent events following political change during the so-called 'Arab Spring' demonstrate, demands for accountability often follow or attend conflict and and political transition. While traditionally much literature and many practitioners highlighted tensions between peacebuilding and justice, recent research and practice demonstrate a turn away from the supposed 'peace vs justice' dilemma. This volume examines the complex relationship between peacebuilding and transitional justice through the lens of the increased emphasis on victim-centered approaches to justice and the widespread practices of disarmament, demobilization, and reintegration (DDR) of ex-combatants. While recent volumes have sought to address either DDR or victim-centered approaches to justice, none has sought to make connections between the two, much less to place them in the larger context of the increasing linkages between transitional justice and peacebuilding"--Page [i].

The politics of transitional justice -- Inclusive justice: the limitations of trial justice and truth commissions -- Prosecute or pardon? Between truth commissions and war crimes trials -- Gender and truth reconciliation commissions: comparative reflections -- Transitional justice, democratisation and the rule of law -- South Africa's truth and Reconciliation Commission from a global perspective -- Reflecting on the Sierra Leone Truth and Reconciliation Commission: a peacebuilding perspective -- Peace versus justice? A view from Nigeria -- A path to peace and justice: Ghana's National Reconciliation Commission in retrospect -- Peace and justice: Mozambique and Sierra Leone compared -- Sierra Leone's 'not-so' special court -- Charles Taylor, the Special Court for Sierra Leone and international politics -- The international criminal tribunal for Rwanda: reconciling for acquitted -- The politics of peace, justice and healing in post-war Mozambique: 'practices of rupture' by Magamba spirits and healers in Gorongosa -- Indigenous justice or political instrument? The modern Gacaca courts of Rwanda -- The International Criminal Court African experiment: the Central African Republic, Darfur, Northern Uganda and The Democratic Republic of the Congo -- The International Criminal Court in Darfur

This text guides researchers in conducting research in situations of violent conflict or human rights abuses. It informs the reader of the ongoing debates about responsible scholarship and explains how to identify and address challenges in conducting qualitative research in difficult circumstances.

This major new study examines the developing practice of universal jurisdiction, as well as the broader phenomenon of ""globalizing"" justice, and its ramifications. With a detailed overview of the contemporary practice of universal jurisdiction, it discerns three trends at work: pure universal jurisdiction, universal jurisdiction ""plus"", and non-use. It also argues that these disparities in practice should raise serious concerns as to the legitimacy and perceived legitimacy of such globalized justice. It then turns to a further consideration, that of globalized justic

Introduction : why examine subregional sources and dynamics of conflict / Chandra Lekha Sriram and Zoe Nielsen -- Understanding conflicts in the Horn of Africa / Edmond J. Keller -- Stability and change in Central Asia / Gregory Gleason -- Sources of conflict in West Africa / Comfort Ero and Jonathan Temin -- Dynamics of conflict in Central America / Chandra Lekha Sriram -- Implications for conflict prevention / Zoe Nielsen