Suchergebnisse

1 Biofuel Production Technologies, Comparing the Biofuels and Fossil Fuels -- 2 Microbiological aspects of bioenergy production: Recent update and future directions -- 3 A Comprehensive Review on Microbial Technology for Biogas Production -- 4 Biohydrogen Production from Biomass -- 5 Recent updates of biodiesel production: Source, production methods and metagenomic approach -- 6 Process Modelling and Simulation of Biodiesel Synthesis Reaction for Non-edible Yellow -- 7 Microbial Xylanases: A Helping Module for the Enzyme Biorefinery Platform -- 8 Analysis of various green methods to synthesize nanomaterials: An Ecofriendly Approach. .

1 Downstream Processing of Biofuels -- 2 Application of Micro-organisms for Biofuel Production -- 3 Influence of Significant Parameters on Cellulase Production by Solid State Fermentation -- 4 Influence of Xenobiotics on Fungal Ligninolytic Enzymes -- 5 Challenges in Bioethanol Production; Effect of Inhibitory Compounds -- 6 Engineering of Zymomonas Mobilis for enhanced Biofuel production -- 7 Sustainable Production of Hydrogen by Algae: Current Status and Future Perspectives -- 8 Bioprocess Parameters for Thermophilic and Mesophilic Biogas Production: Recent Trends and Challenges -- 9 Microbial and Bioinformatics Approach in Biofuel Production -- 10 Substrate Characterization in the Anaerobic Digestion Process. .

INTRODUCTION: Acute encephalitis syndrome (AES) is a major public health enigma in India and the world. Uttar Pradesh (UP) is witnessing recurrent and extensive seasonal AES outbreaks since 1978. Government of India and UP state government have devised various mitigation measures to reduce AES burden and AES associated mortality, morbidity and disability in Uttar Pradesh. The aim of this study was to describe the public health measures taken in order to control seasonal outbreaks of AES in UP between 1978 and 2020. METHODS: We used literature review as a method of analysis, including the Indian government policy documents. This review utilized search engines such as PubMed, Google Scholar, Research Gate, Cochrane, Medline to retrieve articles and information using strategic keywords related to Acute Encephalitis Syndrome. Data was also collected from progress reports of government schemes and websites of Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), National Vector Borne Disease Control Programme (NVBDCP) and Integrated Disease Surveillance Programmes (IDSP). RESULTS: The incidence of AES cases in UP have declined from 18.2 per million population during 2005-2009 to 15 per million population during 2015-2019 [CI 12.6–20.6, P-value < 0.001] and case fatality rate (CFR) reduced from 33% during 1980-1984 to 12.6% during 2015-2019 [CI 17.4–30.98, P-value < 0.001]. AES incidence was 9 (2019) and 7 (2020) cases per million populations respectively and CFR was 5.8% (2019) and 5% (2020). This decline was likely due to active surveillance programs identifying aetiological agents and risk factors of AES cases. The identified etiologies of AES include Japanese encephalitis virus (5–20%), Enterovirus (0.1–33%), Orientia tsutsugamushi (45–60%) and other viral (0.2–4.2%), bacterial (0–5%) and Rickettsial (0.5–2%) causes. The aggressive immunization programs against Japanese encephalitis with vaccination coverage of 72.3% in UP helped in declining of JE cases in the region. The presumptive treatment of febrile cases with ...