Suchergebnisse

A variety of firm's internal environment models has been formed for about half a century, starting with S. Gibson triad (strategy — structure — systems), which first formulated the sequence of strategic planning stages, and ending with the PEST-atom model, which reflects not only the composition of the elements of internal environment, but also the relationships between them. The article shows that a modern system, which would reflect the structure of the elements of firm's internal environment, should be built on the basis of its key element, inextricably linked to the essence of the firm and, at the same time, synchronously changing with it in the course of movement along the trajectory of the life cycle. Such element, which directly determines the degree of maturity of a firm, is its culture. Business culture is the central connecting element of the internal environment of a firm, providing a harmonious combination of all its other elements: strategy, organizational structure, motivation system, etc. and making the firm attractive for investment. At the same time the type of business culture is the main indicator of the stage of the life cycle of a firm, and since the diversity of culture types is limited to four types: the cultures of a professional, leader, bureaucrat andentrepreneur, the process of movement of a firm through the stages of its life cycle can be turned into a manageable one. In order to do this in the second half of the firm's maturity stage the role of professional should be made dominant, and the decline stage should be transformed into the revival stage. This transition will require the transformation of the internal environment of a firm in accordance with the model of intelligent organization, which is a logical development of the concept of a self-learning organization.The paper shows that in the course of movement along the trajectory of its life cycle a firm, by ensuring innovative attractiveness and reducing operating costs per unit, consistently implements the following "chain of criteria": innovativeness (introduction stage) — efficiency (start-up stage) — productivity (growth stage) — effectiveness (maturity stage). The possibility of applying the theoretical aspects proposed by the authors is confirmed in practice in the study of the life cycle of Rodnik LLC.

The main goal of the presented study is to analyze the features of the development of state youth policy in the Russian Federation in the context of digitalization. The authors start from the modern understanding of the foundations of social audit as a critical analysis of the efficiency of modern youth policy through the study of mechanisms and methods, processes of constituting meanings and gaining the rights of young people to self-realization and social innovation, achieving a conflict balance of their expectations with institutional norms and resources. As the main theoretical tool for auditing the efficiency of youth policy in the digital environment, the potential of a risk-reflexive approach to assessing interactions and conflict/cooperation between society and the state in generational optics is used. The ideas of risk-reflexive management are considered as a normative basis for focusing the audit of youth policy not only on institutions and organizational structures, but above all on values and meanings. The audit of youth policy is disclosed in the article as a check for the compliance of its goals and methods with the tasks of youth socialization, its adaptation in a risky society in the context of global information confrontation and risk assessment. The article proposes a risk-reflexive interpretation of the criteria for the efficiency of strategic management in the field of youth policy implementation (productivity, security, development, satisfaction). Based on the analysis of the social capital concept, its "triad" (trust, cultural norms and social networks) and forms, the article reveals the specific features of strategies for young people to choose models of response to social and political problems, proposes an original classification of youth policy using "bonding" and "bridging" types.

This article identifies similarities and differences in emotional discourse in the communication of subscribers of vigilante Internet resources located on different technological platforms. As part of this study, API was used to upload comments over the past two years to materials posted in typical vigilante communities (Vkontakte API – «Lev Vs», «StopHam», «Piggy vs», «Anti-dealer»; Youtube API - the most popular videos «Lev Vs», «StopHam», «Piggy vs», «Sober Yard»). The sample size was 169,923 comments on Vkontakte and 175,096 comments on YouTube. The emoticon emoji served as the unit of analysis. Fixing the amount of emojis used was implemented with the assistance of a special Python script. Based on available data, a network analysis was carried out using the Gephi program (Fruchterman-Reingold layout). The authors concluded that it is not the goal direction of the vigilante group, but the communication tool that becomes the most important factor for the formation of a paralinguistic emotional discourse. Vigilante media, presented in the form of public and channels, act as mass media, and viewers and readers of their communities are the audience consuming this information. This argument is confirmed by the constant use of emojis that emphasize the «entertainment» of the presented content. Thus, most often, representatives of vigilante communities form not adherents who are ready to take part in their actions, but consumers.

The purpose of the presented research was to identify the basic value characteristics and potentially conflicting contradictions as a result of the influence of the rapid spread of new media on the audience of modern Russian youth. The first part of the article problematizes the search for theoretical grounds for studying the virtual projection of politics, the methodological background of research on the specifics of the phenomenon of the mediatization of politics. Considering the mediatization effects in the riskological projection, the authors pay special attention to the value attitudes of perception of information about threats, the ideological dominants of the features of political reactions of various social strata. This research aims to contribute to the Russian academic discourse on the specifics of youth media activism, models and practices of its media consumption, new forms and parameters of communication, "digital aborigines". It is concluded that in the conditions of media conflicts, the system of "traditional" values is being desacrated, the struggle of real political interests and parallel/alternative political agendas is taking place, which affects the value political activity of young people and the processes of their self-identification. In the course of the analysis, a fundamentally new knowledge was obtained, based on a holistic vision of the cultural and historical reality of the formation of a "digital society" in Russia, about the axiological features of the modern Russian social order, including a complexly structured set of moral values of youth, the dominant discourses of the value system and ways of alternative vision of the political situation and images of threats and conflicts. The paper examines the "conflict of selection of social problems" in the media communication youth space, algorithms and mechanisms of the clash of beliefs on digital platforms, analyzes media conflicts about the political past and present. In this regard, the article develops a model for measuring and preventing the risks of political and axiological transformations among Russian youth based on the development of complementary methods of their assessment for the construction and implementation of effective state strategies in terms of their change and improvement.

The article continues the empirical analysis of the influence of mediatization on the formation of value orientations of modern Russian youth. In the first part of the article, the search for theoretical grounds for studying the virtual projection of politics was problematized, the portrait of "digital aborigines" or "generation of 3C millennials" was conceptualized in political-axiological optics. The study reveals the basic value characteristics and potentially conflicting contradictions as a result of the influence of the rapid spread of new media on the audience of modern Russian youth. In the course of the analysis, a fundamentally new knowledge was obtained, based on a holistic vision of the cultural and historical reality of the formation of a "digital society" in Russia, about the axiological features of the modern Russian social order, including a complexly structured set of moral values of youth. The study included two trajectories of empirical analysis: conducting focus groups to identify and scientifically interpret trends in the formation of content preferences of the younger generation in the discourse of the use of new media, as well as monitoring social networks in order to mark popular communication platforms among young people, evaluating the most effective methods of information impact, broadcasting axiological discourses and articulation generated in them risks. To achieve the set scientific objectives, the authors of the study conceptualized the theoretical constructions of the specifics of new media in modern conditions, presented popular axiological trends identified as a result of qualitative content analysis of blogs in social networks. The results obtained are correlated with other fundamental studies of Russian scientists studying the problems of youth values in various academic planes, in order to search for correlations and assess the complementarity of conclusions for the subsequent increment of political science knowledge. As a result of the analysis, not only trends in the transformation of values of modern Russian youth are articulated, but also strategic risks determined by the mediatization of communications of the studied age cohort. In this regard, the article develops a model for measuring and preventing the risks of political and axiological transformations among Russian youth based on the development of complementary methods of their assessment for the construction and implementation of effective state strategies in terms of their change and improvement.

China's modern insurance market is the largest in the world in terms of several key indicators: both the number of contracts concluded and the volume of premiums collected. At the same time, insurance products related to property insurance are the second most popular among the population. However, the development curve of the insurance market in China is significantly different from the trajectories of changes in the insurance markets in Europe or the United States. This article is a comprehensive analysis of the evolution of insurance relations in the Chinese market under the influence of various factors, such as changes in the macroeconomic environment, the introduction of innovative technologies and the COVID-19 pandemic. During the transition from a planned economic system to a market one, as well as after China's joining the WTO, external economic factors changed the development trends of China's insurance industry. Based on the data of the National Bureau of Statistics of China for 2007–2020 and the Wind database, the authors built an econometric model that allowed analyzing the impact of various factors on the growth of property insurance in China. Special attention is paid to the impact of modern trends associated with the active introduction of digital technologies and the ongoing coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19) on the development of the property insurance segment. The ongoing optimization of the system of insurance protection of the property of the population is primarily due to its risk management function. China's experience in the development of insurance relations in the national market may be in demand in Russia, which belongs to countries with a developing insurance market.

The pandemic of the new coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has a huge impact on the global economy, significantly affecting the functioning of all its sectors. In this regard, the search for ways to minimize the negative consequences of such risks is of particular relevance. The article presents the results of a systematic analysis of scientific publications by leading foreign and Russian authors on various aspects of the risks arising from viral threats, as well as ways to reduce the negative consequences of such risks. In particular, studies that evaluate the impact on the economy of various factors that occur during and after epidemics are examined. The analysis of publications showed that researchers distinguish the following factors: 1) the social system of the state; 2) government expenses on the fight against the epidemic; 3) the role of international organizations in combating epidemics in individual countries. Further, various approaches to the construction of models describing the spread of biological threats reflected in publications of representatives of various scientific fields, in particular medical and economicmathematical, including actuarial, modeling are analyzed. Three approaches to modeling the development of infectious diseases are considered, which differ both in the apparatus used and in the predominant field of application of the corresponding models. Particular attention is paid to the contribution that insurance research can make to the development of new theoretical approaches to mitigate the negative economic consequences of COVID-19. The authors distinguish three areas: 1) the use of actuarial models for the analysis and assessment of the risks of biological threats; 2) the use of relevant insurance products in the insurance market as an epidemic risk management tool that provides financial protection; 3) the use of innovative technologies in rendering insurance services (InsurTech).

Digital reality is becoming an integral part of the modern world, in which there are new ways of interaction between individuals and the functioning of state institutions. The COVID-19 pandemic has presented the concepts of «digital state» and «digital citizen» as a kind of challenge not only to the state, but also to society itself, which necessitated clarification and legitimization of these concepts in the legal field of the Russian Federation. The article reveals the key features of the Russian practice of digital governance and security legal regulation. Based on an analysis of the existing legislative framework in the Russian Federation in the field of digitalization and digital security, and, in particular, such significant initiatives in recent years as the draft Concept «Ensuring the protection, rights and freedoms of man and citizen in the digital space», as well as relying on a significant amount of accumulated over decades of research on scientific knowledge on this topic and statistical data (Global Cybersecurity Index), the authors identify both the strengths and weaknesses of modern Russian digital law. So, if high-quality legal regulation of a strategic orientation was singled out as the main positive feature of domestic legislative practice in the context of digitalization, then the intersection and imposition of the norms of different branches of law, together with the lack of legal norms' systematization, were identified as the central problem of modern Russian digital legislation. The final part of this article is a set of proposals and recommendations for improving the legislative regulation of digital governance and security. The authors propose to pay more attention to public authorities to control the implementation of cybersecurity policies, as well as legislate the distribution of powers and responsibilities among the relevant government agencies.

Fish-related trade disputes dealt with by the World Trade Organization (WTO) arise from the complexity of the fisheries industry, and the transboundary nature of fish, combined with differing national policies and interests. The Agreement on Fisheries Subsidies (AFS) aims to strengthen the role of the WTO in regulating the fish trade and curbing unsustainable fishing practices such as illegal fishing, overcapacity, and overfishing by limiting excessive fisheries subsidies. This article reveals the legal framework of the WTO to regulate the fish trade and resolve trade disputes and outlines the prospects for fish trade in light of the Agreement on Fisheries Subsidies (AFS). It has been established that general principles, quantitative restrictions, and anti-dumping measures, rather than subsidies, are the most common legal issues in trade disputes on fish products. Technical trade barriers, sanitary and phytosanitary measures, and general national exemptions are also frequent sources of disputes in the fish trade. These measures, designed for safety, health, and environmental reasons, are increasingly used for protectionist purposes by creating trade barriers. The AFS expands the legal framework for resolving trade disputes in the field of fish trade after its ratification. However, this recent international regulation combined with climate change and tightening food standards, is expected to lead to more disputes with developing countries over the fish trade.

The article deals with the transformation of online communication in connection with the transition from platforms based on Web 2.0 technology to "non-Web" platforms. The phenomenon of "the death of the Web" and the dynamics of trends in the development of online communication are considered. We have chosen the discourse of politicized virtual communities of the Vk.com social network and the Telegram messenger in the context of a special military operation as a case for empirical research. In this paper we analyze the technological aspects of online media transformation and the cyberbalkanization factor. Based on the theory of M. McLuhan, we highlight the media, institutional, audience, community and discursive factors in the formation of cybercommunication as components of the analysis of cross-network influence on the Internet discourse. The media factor is associated with media technology, the institutional discourse sets the context of the "rules of communication", the audience factor is associated with the socio-demographic specifics of Internet content consumption, the community factor involves the choice of a homogeneous or heterogeneous type of communication, and the discursive factor determines the ideological framework for discussions of political issues. We apply lexical diversity analysis and cluster analysis for the Vk.com and Telegram communities. The results of this study show a greater lexical diversity of the social network Vk.com. The features of political communication on these platforms in the conditions of special military operation are revealed. Thematically opposed clusters of cyberdiscourse are highlighted. Assumptions about the cluster distribution factors are made. A discourse analysis of the comments of more than 100 virtual communities was made and conclusions were drawn about the homogeneity and dialogic nature of the discourse, the identity of the audience of virtual communities. The specificity of identifying political "enemies" in the context of cross-platform analysis is revealed. Conclusions are drawn about the prospects for research on this topic.

This article examines the impact of a stock exchange's migration on its trading activity and the performance of competing markets. It examines the importance of the location of trading floors for all market participants; analyzes the relationship between the location of a trading floor and the speed of transactions in the stock market, as well as the impact of accelerating transactions on trading activity. The migration of the Euronext exchange from Paris to Basildon on September 25, 2010, was chosen as the event under study. The method of matched pairs demonstrates the possibility of rationalizing of experimental and control sample for further analysis and modeling of the impact of the relocation of the considered stock market on its and competing exchange's performance. It is illustrated multidirectional changes in the shares of the value volume of trading and the number of transactions on the Euronext exchange itself and four competing markets. In order to model the impact of the migration of the exchange the method of "difference-in-differences" is suggested, that bases on the use of experimental and control samples and on the construction of regression equations of a special kind. Theoretical bases, advantages and disadvantages of the application of the method of "difference of differences" in the analysis of the impact of certain events on economic results were analyzed. Empirical estimates showed a different expected increase in the value of trading volume after the event on the Euronext and Chi-X Europe exchanges. It is noted that as a result of the migration, the Euronext exchange became closer to the alternative trading floors located in London. This accelerated the execution of transactions between them, and stimulated the alternative markets to become more competitive, faster and more fully reflect the changes taking place on the main Euronext Paris market.