Suchergebnisse

Technologies of the second industrial age can be characterized as knowledge-intensive, & knowledge now dominates machinery, raw material, & labor in production. In knowledge-intensive production, the human factor is recorded in the machinery & in the organization of production. However, though knowledge increases productivity, it does not increase employment or wages. Since knowledge costs almost nothing to duplicate, capitalists are concerned about locking in knowledge, & making it private property. In this sense, the workplace struggle is not about wage levels, but about property & social relations. M. Pflum

AbstractOur immune system is critical for preventing and treating SARS-CoV-2 infections, but aberrant immune responses can have deleterious effects. While antibodies to glycans could recognize the virus and influence the clinical outcome, little is known about their roles. Using a carbohydrate antigen microarray, we profiled serum antibodies in healthy control subjects and COVID-19 patients from two separate cohorts. COVID-19 patients had numerous autoantibodies to self-glycans, including antiganglioside antibodies that can cause neurological disorders. Additionally, nearly all antiglycan IgM signals were lower in COVID-19 patients, indicating a global dysregulation of this class of antibodies. Autoantibodies to certain N-linked glycans correlated with more severe disease, as did low levels of antibodies to the Forssman antigen and ovalbumin. Collectively, this study indicates that expanded testing for antiglycan antibodies could be beneficial for clinical analysis of COVID-19 patients and illustrates the importance of including host and viral carbohydrate antigens when studying immune responses to viruses.