Suchergebnisse

Families with mild to borderline intellectual disabilities (MBID) are overrepresented in child protection, and are at higher risk for long and unsuccessful family supervision orders (FSOs). This is worrisome, as many children apparently are exposed to unsafe parenting situations for longer periods of time. Therefore, the present study examined which child and parental factors and child maltreatment are related to the duration and success of an FSO in families with MBID in the Netherlands. Casefile data were analysed of 140 children with an ended FSO. Results from binary logistic regression analyses showed that in families with MBID, young children, children with psychiatric problems, and children with MBID were at higher risk for a longer duration of FSOs. Furthermore, young children, children with MBID and children who were sexually abused had a lower chance of a successful FSO. Unexpectedly, children who witnessed domestic violence or whose parents were divorced, had a higher chance of a successful FSO. The discussion focuses on implications of these results for treatment and care of families with MBID from the perspective of child protection.

Shame is a powerful self-conscious emotion that can interfere with healthy psychological functioning. We examined the validity of the Compass of Shame Scale (CoSS), a self-report measure designed to assess shame regulation styles. In this paper, the construct validity of the Dutch version
and two newly developed subscales of the CoSS were investigated in a survey of 324 adolescents. The results confirmed that the Dutch version and the two new subscales have satisfactory psychometric qualities. We also studied the higher level factor structure of the CoSS for measuring shame
by introducing the concepts of internalizing and externalizing shame-coping styles and the results support the observation that the CoSS measures maladaptive neurotic internalizing shame regulation, as well as externalizing shame regulation.

The present study examines the construct validity and reliability of the Prison Group Climate Instrument (PGCI) in a sample of 77 adolescents placed in a Dutch youth prison and 49 adult prisoners living in a Dutch psychiatric prison with a therapeutic living group structure. Confirmatory factor analysis of a four-factor model—with "repression," "support," "growth," and "group atmosphere" as first-order factors—and "overall group climate" as a second-order factor shows an adequate fit to the data, indicating construct validity of the PGCI. Cronbach's alpha reliability coefficients are good for all factors. The PGCI is a parsimonious instrument, enabling future research on group climate in youth prisons and secure forensic psychiatric institutions. The instrument can be used as an assessment tool for judicial interventions that use group climate to improve outcomes in delinquent youth and adult delinquents receiving treatment for psychiatric problems.

'Der Beitrag untersucht den Zusammenhang zwischen Partnerschaftskonflikten und dem Potential zur physischen Misshandlung von Eltern aus N=86 Unterschichtfamilien in den Niederlanden. 17% der Eltern erreichten eine Punktzahl auf Milner's Child Abuse Potential Inventory, die dessen obere 5% Grenze überschritt. Niedrigerer sozialökonomischer Status, relativ unangemessene eheliche Konfliktstrategien und weniger Ehekonflikte erklärten statistisch ein höheres Misshandlungspotential. Von allen Konfliktstrategien trugen physische Aggression gegenüber dem Partner, Konfliktvermeidung und eisiges Schweigen zur Erklärung des Zusammenhangs bei. Obwohl bessere Konfliktlösungen positiv korrelierten mit geringerem Misshandlungspotential konnten sie die Erklärungskraft der Konfliktstrategien nicht übertrumpfen. Wir gelangten zum Schluss, dass Konfliktverhalten in der Partnerschaft und die Neigung von Eltern zur physischen Misshandlung in derselben Inkompetenz im Umgang in intimen Beziehungen liegen kann.' (Autorenreferat)

This study examined the relationship between detention length, living group climate, coping, and treatment motivation among 59 juvenile delinquents in a Dutch youth correctional facility. Longer detention was associated with the perception of a more open living group climate, but proved to be unrelated to coping and treatment motivation. A repressive group climate was positively associated with passive coping. A more open group climate was associated with both more active coping and greater treatment motivation. Finally, analyses showed that the relation between open group climate and treatment motivation was mediated by active coping. Thus, creating an open group climate to foster active coping and greater treatment motivation is probably one of the most important challenges for youth correctional facilities.

This study examined antisocial and prosocial behavior of N = 439 adolescent athletes between 14 and 17 years of age (67 teams). Multilevel analyses showed that team membership explained 20% and 13% of the variance in antisocial and prosocial behavior in the sports context, respectively. The team effects suggest that aggregating antisocial or prosocial adolescents within teams may partially explain differences in antisocial and prosocial behavior among athletes in the sports context. A trend was found towards a relation between higher levels of moral reasoning within teams and less antisocial behavior in the sports context. Favorable moral atmosphere was positively associated with more prosocial behavior in the sports context. Finally, supportive coach-athlete relationships were associated with both less antisocial and more prosocial behavior in the sports context.