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AbstractThe causes of poverty in fishing communities are frequently multidimensional. Poverty alleviation interventions, however, are often monodimensional, mainly providing physical assets such as fishing equipment. Such interventions fail to address human, social and institutional weaknesses and, perversely, may increase fishing effort and exacerbate poverty. To address one gap in current poverty alleviation efforts, human capacity potential and weaknesses among young men in an Indonesian fishing village were explored, by interviewing youth and elders. A teaching curriculum was developed, which includes practical skills on developing a business, financial management, marketing and material addressing character issues such as honesty, integrity and self‐esteem.

Penelitian ini bertujuan merumuskan strategi mengatasi kemiskinan pada anak buah bagan di Sumatra Barat. Metoda kuantifikasi pendekatan Sustainable Livelihoods Approach (SLA) digunakan dalam penelitian ini dan diterapkan di dua kampung nelayan yaitu Sungai Pinang dan Ampang Pulai, di Provinsi Sumatera Barat. Wawancara dilakukan pada 52 rumah tangga nelayan yang bekerja di sektor perikanan bagan sebagai anak buah, kapten atau sebagai pemilik bagan. Analisis data menggunakan multi-dimensional scaling berdasarkan pengelompokkan ke dalam enam jenis sumber daya yaitu alam, keuangan, manusia, sosial, kelembagaan dan sumber daya buatan. Hasil penelitian ini menjelaskan bahwa pemilik kapal bagan memiliki sumber daya buatan, keuangan dan manusia yang lebih tinggi daripada anak kapal atau buruh tetapi tidak terdapat perbedaan untuk sumber daya alam, sosial dan kelembagaan. Lembaga perikanan kurang mendukung semua dari bagan sektor. Program pemerintah cenderung menargetkan pada sumber daya buatan tanpa meningkatkan keuangan dan sumber daya manusia terlebih dahulu. Penelitian ini menghasilkan empat jalan keluar dari kemiskinan yang dihadapi nelayan. In this paper a new methodology of quantifying the Sustainable Livelihoods Approach (SLA) is presented and applied to two fishing communities, Sungai Pinang and Ampang Pulai, in West Sumatra. Interviews with 52 households from the bagan sector, including crew members, captains and owners, are analysed using a multi dimensional scaling approach according to six asset categories. The analysis demonstrated that owners possess higher physical, financial and human capital than crew members but that there was no difference in the natural, social and institutional fields. Institutional support across all sectors scored poorly. Government programs tend to emphasise bridging the gap between crew members and owners by providing physical capital without necessarily addressing the underlying financial and human capital limitations that crew members face. The paper concludes with an ...

AbstractDespite a growing national economy and a raft of initiatives designed to improve livelihoods, 39% of fishers in West Sumatra are poor. In this paper, we present the results of interview‐based research with stakeholders in 25 fishing communities in West Sumatra, Indonesia. Thirty‐one enabling and constraining livelihood development factors are identified and classified according to the Sustainable Livelihoods Analysis. We recommend that these factors form a basis from which decision makers ensure that future livelihood improvement programs adequately recognize the integrated nature of poverty amongst poor fishers. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Indonesia has some of the world"s most diverse coral reefs in need of protection. These biodiversity hotspots have attracted international attention and are well described in the literature. However, they are home to only a small portion of the fishing communities in this country. The state of many of the other communities has yet to be studied in depth. As a step in that direction, this paper focuses on fishing communities in mainland West Sumatera and, using data collected by government agencies, defines two indicators that will be useful nationally. The first is a measure of the communities" dependency on fishing as a source oflivelihood, the second a measure of poverty that is appropriate to Indonesian fishing communities. For mainland West Sumatera these parameters identify five areas that are highly dependent on fishing (> 10% employment in fishing) with two of these containing large numbers of fisher households in a state of poverty. These two are Sei Beremas and Sasak Ranah Pasisie in the regency Pasaman Barat. Neither of these are located at well investigated hotspots and further work will be required to identify the underlying reasons for the combination of dependency and poverty found in these places. The methodology described in this paper isapplicable to the ongoing implementation of the national marine spatial planning program. Keywords: fisheries, Indonesia, poverty