Suchergebnisse

Abstract. In this paper the electromagnetic normalized functions (ENF), carried out in ULF band, have been analyzed in correlation with intermediate depth seismic events occurring in Vrancea zone. To confirm the relationship between anomalous, pre-seismic behavior and an imminent earthquake, a methodology based on the temporal invariability criterion of ENF for a 2-D structure, in non-geodynamic conditions, has been used. The electromagnetic data were collected at the Geodynamic Observatory Provita de Sus (GOPS), placed on the Carpathian electrical conductivity anomaly where the epicentral distance is about 100 km, and the National Geophysical Observatory Surlari (NGOS) taken as a reference and located 140 km from the Vrancea zone. The daily mean distributions of the ENF over a span of several months in 2009, carried out at GOPS, exhibit significant enhancements from the normal trend before all the earthquakes with magnitudes higher than 4. Two correlations between the magnitudes of seismic events and Bzn have to be highlighted: (i) an earthquake of M ≥ 4 is expected to occur when Bzn ≥ 1.846; (ii) meanwhile, the anomalous behaviour of Bzn ≥ 1.851 may be use as pre- seismic value for an earthquake of M ≥ 5. The lead time is closed on 7–15 days before earthquakes occurrence.

Teachers, writers and artists in Ceausescu's Rumania

The purpose of this paper is to explain why, in 1966, the Romanian leadership adopted a wholly restrictive pronatalist policy, based on the strict limitation of abortion, instead of one based on socioeconomic incentives to families, as suggested by technocrats. Previous literature shows disagreement on whether the choice was motivated by moralistic or economic considerations. In order to find an answer to this question, hundreds of pages of archival material unpublished so far have been analysed, including the minutes of the Central Committee of the Communist Party, statistics, documents identified in the Ministry of Health Archive, and the technical reports that were on the table at the time of the decision. The conclusion of this study, drawn on the basis of these documents, indicates that at the time of 1966, regardless of the suggestions of the technocrats, a decision had already been taken by Ceausescu himself. This decision was influenced directly by economic considerations, namely the wish to obtain the maximum pronatalist effect at a minimum budgetary cost.

Cet article explore les facteurs qui façonnent les perceptions des charges administratives et réglementaires parmi les bureaucrates de proximité en Roumanie. Les recherches récentes examinant le concept de fardeau administratif s'intéressaient aux fardeaux subis par les citoyens ou les clients. Nous soutenons ici que le contexte national façonne les caractéristiques de la prestation de services publics, et que le fardeau doit aussi être compris du point de vue des bureaucrates dans les pays post-communistes en transition. Les bureaucrates de proximité représentent une catégorie importante de fonctionnaires compte tenu de leurs principales caractéristiques dans la mise en œuvre des politiques. Les résultats de deux analyses, l'une examinant les concepts plus larges de fardeau administratif et l'autre, le concept plus étroit fardeau réglementaire, indiquent que la complexité des règles, l'autonomie, la conformité, la satisfaction au travail, le niveau d'instruction et la corruption perçue ont un impact sur les perceptions du fardeau administratif, tandis que les perceptions concernant le fardeau réglementaire sont influencées par les tendances en matière de respect des règles, le pouvoir discrétionnaire, la satisfaction au travail, l'engagement organisationnel et le statut de superviseur. Remarques à l'intention des praticiens Une implication pratique majeure de cette étude vient de nos conclusions sur les facteurs qui influent sur les attitudes et les perceptions des bureaucrates de proximité en Roumanie. Les gestionnaires qui visent à améliorer la prestation de services publics dans ce contexte seront en mesure de diffuser le fait que la complexité réduite des règles et l'autonomie accrue, entre autres variables organisationnelles, ont un impact positif sur les perceptions du fardeau administratif et réglementaire. En ce sens, notre étude fait apparaître des structures nouvelles et actuelles pour améliorer la performance organisationnelle et la prestation de services.

This article explores the factors that shape perceptions of administrative and rules burdens among street-level bureaucrats in Romania. Recent research examining the concept of administrative burden has focused on burdens experienced by a citizen or client. We argue here that national context shapes the features of public service delivery, and that burdens must also be understood from the perspective of bureaucrats in transitioning post-communist countries. Street-level bureaucrats represent an important category of public servants given their main characteristics in implementing policy. Findings of two analyses—one examining broader concepts of administrative burden and one looking at the narrower concept of rules burdens—indicate that rule complexity, autonomy, conformity, job satisfaction, educational attainment, and perceived corruption impact perceptions of administrative burden, while perceptions of rules burdens are impacted by rule-abiding tendencies, discretionary latitude, job satisfaction, organizational commitment, and supervisory status. Points for practitioners A major practical implication of this study derives from our findings on the factors that impact attitudes and perceptions of street-level bureaucrats in Romania. Managers that aim to improve public service delivery in this context will be able to disseminate the fact that reduced rule complexity and increased autonomy, among other organizational variables, positively impact perceptions on administrative and rules burdens. In this sense, our study provides evidence for new and current structures to improve organizational performance and service delivery.

Foreshore Assessment using Space Technology (FAST, 2014 - 2018) is a project funded by the European Union's (EU) Seventh Framework Programme (FP7) for research, technological development and demonstration under grant agreement number 607131. FAST is developing down-stream services for the European Earth Observation Programme Copernicus to support cost-effective, nature-based shoreline protection against flooding and erosion. This book aims to communicate the services generated by the FAST project to the general public as well as provide its readers with information on how to access its products after the project lifetime.

Foreshore Assessment using Space Technology (FAST, 2014 - 2018) is a project funded by the European Union's (EU) Seventh Framework Programme (FP7) for research, technological development and demonstration under grant agreement number 607131. FAST is developing down-stream services for the European Earth Observation Programme Copernicus to support cost-effective, nature-based shoreline protection against flooding and erosion.This book aims to communicate the services generated by the FAST project to the general public as well as provide its readers with information on how to access its products after the project lifetime.